Therapists in Mount Vernon, MO

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Online Therapists

Photo of Shawn A. Masters, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Vernon, MO
Shawn A. Masters
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Diamond, MO 64840  (Online Only)
My ideal client seeks transformation amidst multifaceted challenges—be it stress, complex relationships, depression, anxiety, or life transitions. They yearn for relief, clarity, and personal growth. Seeking tailored support and empathetic guidance, they aspire to carve a path toward sustained well-being and fulfillment. In this journey, they desire a trusted mentor to navigate complexities and unlock their fullest potential. They value a safe, non-judgmental space to explore vulnerabilities. They are motivated not just by temporary fixes but by a desire to cultivate enduring strategies for a more fulfilling life.
My ideal client seeks transformation amidst multifaceted challenges—be it stress, complex relationships, depression, anxiety, or life transitions. They yearn for relief, clarity, and personal growth. Seeking tailored support and empathetic guidance, they aspire to carve a path toward sustained well-being and fulfillment. In this journey, they desire a trusted mentor to navigate complexities and unlock their fullest potential. They value a safe, non-judgmental space to explore vulnerabilities. They are motivated not just by temporary fixes but by a desire to cultivate enduring strategies for a more fulfilling life.
(618) 627-5050 View (618) 627-5050
Photo of Shannon L Martin, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Vernon, MO
Shannon L Martin
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Osage Beach, MO 65065
Shannon became a therapist to help people navigate their complex world, improve their mental health, and experience joy-filled lives. She utilizes clinically tested and evidence-based interventions and believes in a holistic approach to mental health and that all areas of one’s life are interconnected. Research shows that unhealthy relationships and traumatic events can cause emotional, relational, and physical stress. In contrast, healthy relationships, boundaries, and emotional healing in therapy can improve your overall well-being and life satisfaction.
Shannon became a therapist to help people navigate their complex world, improve their mental health, and experience joy-filled lives. She utilizes clinically tested and evidence-based interventions and believes in a holistic approach to mental health and that all areas of one’s life are interconnected. Research shows that unhealthy relationships and traumatic events can cause emotional, relational, and physical stress. In contrast, healthy relationships, boundaries, and emotional healing in therapy can improve your overall well-being and life satisfaction.
(417) 888-3012 View (417) 888-3012
Photo of Erin Bachus, Pre-Licensed Professional in Mount Vernon, MO
Erin Bachus
Pre-Licensed Professional, PLPC
Verified Verified
Springfield, MO 65806
So many of us struggle with low self-esteem and feelings of powerlessness over our lives. These can affect the quality of our relationships, communication, work-life balance, stress, physical problems, the feeling of being understood, the ability to heal from trauma, and a sense of living up to our values. If you are feeling frustrated or lost from experiencing the same problems with no relief, I can help. I believe that feeling more empowered and confident in your personal life is the key to developing mental, emotional, physical, and spiritual freedom.
So many of us struggle with low self-esteem and feelings of powerlessness over our lives. These can affect the quality of our relationships, communication, work-life balance, stress, physical problems, the feeling of being understood, the ability to heal from trauma, and a sense of living up to our values. If you are feeling frustrated or lost from experiencing the same problems with no relief, I can help. I believe that feeling more empowered and confident in your personal life is the key to developing mental, emotional, physical, and spiritual freedom.
(417) 473-3532 View (417) 473-3532
Photo of Alpha Omega Delta Sexual Health and Recovery, Counselor in Mount Vernon, MO
Alpha Omega Delta Sexual Health and Recovery
Counselor, LPC, NCC, CSAT®, CPTT®, CMAT®
Verified Verified
Springfield, MO 65804
Healthy sexuality is our objective. Sex is an integral and balanced part of life experience. Sexual behaviors become problematic when they violate vows and values, are dishonest, harmful to others, put you at risk, diminish your joy in life, act as a barrier filled with shame, self-contempt, and isolation. Sexual health creates intimacy and closeness, characterized by trust, respect, joy and safety. Sexual health can be achieved by sex addicts in recovery. The trauma and addiction model identifies the abuse, trauma and internal system that underwrites addiction and does not view problematic behavior as personal or moral failure.
Healthy sexuality is our objective. Sex is an integral and balanced part of life experience. Sexual behaviors become problematic when they violate vows and values, are dishonest, harmful to others, put you at risk, diminish your joy in life, act as a barrier filled with shame, self-contempt, and isolation. Sexual health creates intimacy and closeness, characterized by trust, respect, joy and safety. Sexual health can be achieved by sex addicts in recovery. The trauma and addiction model identifies the abuse, trauma and internal system that underwrites addiction and does not view problematic behavior as personal or moral failure.
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Photo of Sara Ward-Thomas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Mount Vernon, MO
Sara Ward-Thomas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Springfield, MO 65804
I love creating a therapeutic space where people feel heard and accepted. My favorite part of my work is helping people understand themselves and their reactions so they can more fully embrace who they are. I also enjoy giving people practical tools to help them regulate their nervous system and feel less stressed. I am EMDR trained and Heart Math certified. As part of the Wellness Collective, you can have the ultimate self care day and enjoy a yoga class, facial, or acupuncture before or after therapy.
I love creating a therapeutic space where people feel heard and accepted. My favorite part of my work is helping people understand themselves and their reactions so they can more fully embrace who they are. I also enjoy giving people practical tools to help them regulate their nervous system and feel less stressed. I am EMDR trained and Heart Math certified. As part of the Wellness Collective, you can have the ultimate self care day and enjoy a yoga class, facial, or acupuncture before or after therapy.
(417) 457-2234 View (417) 457-2234
Photo of Christina Sharp, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Mount Vernon, MO
Christina Sharp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ozark, MO 65721  (Online Only)
Talking to a stranger about our struggles can feel overwhelming or give us anxiety, but also having an unbiased ear can be extremely helpful for us to heal. I do hold to the thought that your life is an adventure and this is your therapy so the work must by done by you, but I am here to help guide you through the adventure. I adapt my therapeutic style to the needs of my clients by going as quickly or as slow as you need. Some days you may just need an ear and not be able to, or willing to, do anything else. Other days you may be ready and willing to move forward toward your goals. Either is perfectly okay.
Talking to a stranger about our struggles can feel overwhelming or give us anxiety, but also having an unbiased ear can be extremely helpful for us to heal. I do hold to the thought that your life is an adventure and this is your therapy so the work must by done by you, but I am here to help guide you through the adventure. I adapt my therapeutic style to the needs of my clients by going as quickly or as slow as you need. Some days you may just need an ear and not be able to, or willing to, do anything else. Other days you may be ready and willing to move forward toward your goals. Either is perfectly okay.
(417) 922-4256 View (417) 922-4256
Photo of Brooke Nicole Watson, Pre-Licensed Professional in Mount Vernon, MO
Brooke Nicole Watson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, PLPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Springfield, MO 65804
Do you struggle to connect and communicate with your partner which affects the ability to live the life you desire? Do you feel overwhelmed, frustrated, and exhausted by the thought there is no light at the end of the tunnel? Do you wonder if your relationship could be better? Now more than ever, many couples, are feeling hopeless about attaining the relationship they desire. Real solutions, focused treatments, and hope for the future are what I work to provide for each and every client. No two people have walked the same path in life. I will feel honored to hear your story.
Do you struggle to connect and communicate with your partner which affects the ability to live the life you desire? Do you feel overwhelmed, frustrated, and exhausted by the thought there is no light at the end of the tunnel? Do you wonder if your relationship could be better? Now more than ever, many couples, are feeling hopeless about attaining the relationship they desire. Real solutions, focused treatments, and hope for the future are what I work to provide for each and every client. No two people have walked the same path in life. I will feel honored to hear your story.
(417) 557-3374 View (417) 557-3374
Photo of Debbie DeRossett in Mount Vernon, MO
Debbie DeRossett
MS, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ozark, MO 65721
Waitlist for new clients
Are you struggling with difficult life challenges which result in feeling alone and misunderstood? Before my own personal counseling journey, I felt this way, too. As a counselor, it’s my primary goal to walk along side my clients so each one will not feel alone or misunderstood. I commit to safely processing emotional pain with the ultimate goal of helping clients discover their own best resolutions. I always want to place myself within the unique world of each client to provide unconditional understanding and support. I welcome anyone who is ready to share and process in a safe and comfortable place.
Are you struggling with difficult life challenges which result in feeling alone and misunderstood? Before my own personal counseling journey, I felt this way, too. As a counselor, it’s my primary goal to walk along side my clients so each one will not feel alone or misunderstood. I commit to safely processing emotional pain with the ultimate goal of helping clients discover their own best resolutions. I always want to place myself within the unique world of each client to provide unconditional understanding and support. I welcome anyone who is ready to share and process in a safe and comfortable place.
(417) 216-6046 View (417) 216-6046
Photo of Joshua Holland, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Vernon, MO
Joshua Holland
Licensed Professional Counselor, PharmD, BCPP, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Springfield, MO 65804
My reason for being a counselor is to help people understand and heal from their past and/or current pain and to learn coping strategies to manage future pain. People and relationships can be complex and full of both positive and negative emotions, including some that are painful. The ability to feel them, learn from them, and express them to others allows us to live more engaged and meaningful lives. It is rewarding to be able to support people as they go through the process of self-exploration.
My reason for being a counselor is to help people understand and heal from their past and/or current pain and to learn coping strategies to manage future pain. People and relationships can be complex and full of both positive and negative emotions, including some that are painful. The ability to feel them, learn from them, and express them to others allows us to live more engaged and meaningful lives. It is rewarding to be able to support people as they go through the process of self-exploration.
(417) 943-5217 View (417) 943-5217
Photo of McKenzie Nickerson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Vernon, MO
McKenzie Nickerson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC, CRAADC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Ozark, MO 65721  (Online Only)
“We are all just walking each other home.” —Ram Dass Throughout our lives, we all ebb and flow through various connections. Maybe you’re feeling out of touch with yourself and seeking out your own truths. Whether your stressors come from the past, present, or future, I want you to know from the get-go that you’re not alone in these struggles. Showing up for yourself in this way is the first step toward healing. Two tips of therapy advice are "trust the process" and "you get out what you put in." You are the facilitator of your healing journey, and I will walk beside you through all of it.
“We are all just walking each other home.” —Ram Dass Throughout our lives, we all ebb and flow through various connections. Maybe you’re feeling out of touch with yourself and seeking out your own truths. Whether your stressors come from the past, present, or future, I want you to know from the get-go that you’re not alone in these struggles. Showing up for yourself in this way is the first step toward healing. Two tips of therapy advice are "trust the process" and "you get out what you put in." You are the facilitator of your healing journey, and I will walk beside you through all of it.
(417) 785-2784 View (417) 785-2784
Photo of Latasha Barber, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Vernon, MO
Latasha Barber
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Forsyth, MO 65653  (Online Only)
When we experience difficult situations in our lives there is nothing more empowering than having a support system to help you find your voice and identity.You have taken a courageous step in seeking counseling and I will provide support and encouragement. I will help in undoing aloneness, increasing one’s capacity to self-love and co create the narrative to become your self at best. Working with me, you will experience an empathetic, non-judgmental, holistic and strength-based approach to conquering your challenges and relationship barriers. I have received a Master’s in Marriage and Family Therapy.
When we experience difficult situations in our lives there is nothing more empowering than having a support system to help you find your voice and identity.You have taken a courageous step in seeking counseling and I will provide support and encouragement. I will help in undoing aloneness, increasing one’s capacity to self-love and co create the narrative to become your self at best. Working with me, you will experience an empathetic, non-judgmental, holistic and strength-based approach to conquering your challenges and relationship barriers. I have received a Master’s in Marriage and Family Therapy.
(417) 441-3362 View (417) 441-3362
Photo of Elizabeth Chapman, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Vernon, MO
Elizabeth Chapman
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Joplin, MO 64801  (Online Only)
Hello, my name is Beth and I celebrate your courage and wisdom in searching for this site! I celebrate the individual's strengths in a nonjudgmental collaboration. The mind-body-heart connection, awareness, and trust are the foundation of therapy. The goal is always for your voice to be heard and from that voice to move forward towards your heart's calling. It isn't just "mental health" it's about health- body, mind, and heart. When those three are working together- that is your voice. Well done for hearing your voice and courageously searching this site.
Hello, my name is Beth and I celebrate your courage and wisdom in searching for this site! I celebrate the individual's strengths in a nonjudgmental collaboration. The mind-body-heart connection, awareness, and trust are the foundation of therapy. The goal is always for your voice to be heard and from that voice to move forward towards your heart's calling. It isn't just "mental health" it's about health- body, mind, and heart. When those three are working together- that is your voice. Well done for hearing your voice and courageously searching this site.
(833) 209-3773 View (833) 209-3773
Photo of Lacey Wallace, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Vernon, MO
Lacey Wallace
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CST
Verified Verified
Springfield, MO 65807
At Be Restored Counseling our approach to therapy is very relational. I take time to get to know my clients and understand the experiences in life that have led them to me. I believe the way we see ourselves, our relationships, and the world is through the lens of our experiences. Therefore, I believe healing within and in relationships begins with a safe theraputic attachment. I find great joy in partnering with individuals and couples as they bravely take steps towards healing! Through advanced training in trauma and sexual healing my hope is to provide a safe place for you to Be Seen, Be Connected, Be Loved, & Be Restored!
At Be Restored Counseling our approach to therapy is very relational. I take time to get to know my clients and understand the experiences in life that have led them to me. I believe the way we see ourselves, our relationships, and the world is through the lens of our experiences. Therefore, I believe healing within and in relationships begins with a safe theraputic attachment. I find great joy in partnering with individuals and couples as they bravely take steps towards healing! Through advanced training in trauma and sexual healing my hope is to provide a safe place for you to Be Seen, Be Connected, Be Loved, & Be Restored!
(417) 473-3057 View (417) 473-3057
Photo of David R Robb, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Vernon, MO
David R Robb
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lake Ozark, MO 65049
In our counseling journey, I see you as someone really brave and ready to explore your life. You’re not just looking for quick fixes but aiming for a deep understanding of yourself and tools for lasting change. Your goals go beyond overcoming challenges – you want to get to the root of things, build resilience, and form deeper connections. You’re not just here for advice; you’re an active part of your own empowerment. You believe in your ability to change, and seeking support is a strong step toward a more fulfilling life. Together, we’ll navigate your emotions, uncover your strengths, and move toward a future that fits your values.
In our counseling journey, I see you as someone really brave and ready to explore your life. You’re not just looking for quick fixes but aiming for a deep understanding of yourself and tools for lasting change. Your goals go beyond overcoming challenges – you want to get to the root of things, build resilience, and form deeper connections. You’re not just here for advice; you’re an active part of your own empowerment. You believe in your ability to change, and seeking support is a strong step toward a more fulfilling life. Together, we’ll navigate your emotions, uncover your strengths, and move toward a future that fits your values.
(573) 880-4661 View (573) 880-4661
Photo of Isaac Crawford, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Vernon, MO
Isaac Crawford
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Springfield, MO 65804
I believe the kind of help on offer in therapy is one of fundamental change. As in The Wizard of Oz, each sets out on the quest so that they can receive what they lack, but they discover along the way that they have changed to truly become what they lacked. This sort of change is the special kind that I work to help people achieve.
I believe the kind of help on offer in therapy is one of fundamental change. As in The Wizard of Oz, each sets out on the quest so that they can receive what they lack, but they discover along the way that they have changed to truly become what they lacked. This sort of change is the special kind that I work to help people achieve.
(417) 212-5698 View (417) 212-5698
Photo of Kayla Lejeune, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Vernon, MO
Kayla Lejeune
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Springfield, MO 65804
I work with women, young adults, and adolescents who are seeking support and guidance in overcoming challenges, including anxiety and depression as they strive to build a better future. I help individuals identify underlying issues, set achievable goals, and develop a personalized plan that promotes personal growth, resilience, and overall well-being.
I work with women, young adults, and adolescents who are seeking support and guidance in overcoming challenges, including anxiety and depression as they strive to build a better future. I help individuals identify underlying issues, set achievable goals, and develop a personalized plan that promotes personal growth, resilience, and overall well-being.
(417) 414-0333 View (417) 414-0333
Photo of Hannah Laxton, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Vernon, MO
Hannah Laxton
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Republic, MO 65738
I specialize in working with adolescents and adults. Sessions can center anywhere from emotional health to self-healing from past or current trauma. Together we will focus on social skills and ways to create the life you want for yourself by establishing confidence, encouraging self-growth and creating room to enhance self-worth. I am currently taking self-pay clients.
I specialize in working with adolescents and adults. Sessions can center anywhere from emotional health to self-healing from past or current trauma. Together we will focus on social skills and ways to create the life you want for yourself by establishing confidence, encouraging self-growth and creating room to enhance self-worth. I am currently taking self-pay clients.
(417) 216-6189 View (417) 216-6189
Photo of Mandy Witthuhn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Mount Vernon, MO
Mandy Witthuhn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Joplin, MO 64801
Hi, I am Mandy Witthuhn, Licensed Clinicial Social Worker. My work is focused on empowering people to create mindful change in their lives by relating to their thoughts in a more helpful way, re-connecting to authenticity and showing up in life to do more of what truly matters.
Hi, I am Mandy Witthuhn, Licensed Clinicial Social Worker. My work is focused on empowering people to create mindful change in their lives by relating to their thoughts in a more helpful way, re-connecting to authenticity and showing up in life to do more of what truly matters.
(417) 510-4486 View (417) 510-4486
Photo of Chris Carver - Courage to Be LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Vernon, MO
Chris Carver - Courage to Be LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
Springfield, MO 65804
Waitlist for new clients
Many of my clients enter therapy to address the feeling of groundlessness that can occur when things fall apart. It may be an episode of significant depression or anxiety, unresolved trauma, a life changing loss such as divorce or death, or a crisis of awakening and challenging previously held understandings of the self in the world. There are many paths that take us into therapy, and I walk that path with my clients to develop a better understanding and integration to adapt to life when we find ourselves at these challenging points.
Many of my clients enter therapy to address the feeling of groundlessness that can occur when things fall apart. It may be an episode of significant depression or anxiety, unresolved trauma, a life changing loss such as divorce or death, or a crisis of awakening and challenging previously held understandings of the self in the world. There are many paths that take us into therapy, and I walk that path with my clients to develop a better understanding and integration to adapt to life when we find ourselves at these challenging points.
(417) 323-6509 View (417) 323-6509
Photo of Tiffany Costello, Licensed Professional Counselor in Mount Vernon, MO
Tiffany Costello
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Springfield, MO 65804
Healing and growth takes place in the context of relationships - both in our relationship with ourselves, and in our relationships with others. Unfortunately, sometimes our relationships become distant, disconnected and a place of conflict, leaving us with unmet needs and just feeling “stuck.” We don’t feel safe asking for what we need, and maybe don’t even know what we need ourselves. The therapeutic relationship in counseling provides an authentic and safe place in which healing can begin to take place.
Healing and growth takes place in the context of relationships - both in our relationship with ourselves, and in our relationships with others. Unfortunately, sometimes our relationships become distant, disconnected and a place of conflict, leaving us with unmet needs and just feeling “stuck.” We don’t feel safe asking for what we need, and maybe don’t even know what we need ourselves. The therapeutic relationship in counseling provides an authentic and safe place in which healing can begin to take place.
(720) 586-4328 View (720) 586-4328

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Number of Therapists in Mount Vernon, MO

< 10

Therapists in Mount Vernon, MO who prioritize treating:

How Therapists in Mount Vernon, MO see their clients

2% Online Only
1% In Person and Online
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Mount Vernon?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.