Couples Counseling Psychiatrists in Hartford County, CT

Photo of Integrated Psychiatric Services , Psychiatric Nurse in Hartford County, CT
Integrated Psychiatric Services
Psychiatric Nurse, APRN, MD
Verified Verified
Rocky Hill, CT 06067  (Online Only)
Some areas covered include; Depressive Disorders including Post Partum Depression, Anxiety, Panic Attacks, Eating Disorders, relationship issues, Anger/Stress Management Psychological, Sexual, Physical Trauma,Grief and loss, Gender Issues Life/Career Transitions, Drug and Alcohol Assessments, Relapse Prevention Work, Domestic Violence, ADHD, PTSD.
Mental health and substance abuse is my passion. I have worked both in outpatient and in-patient settings. Extensive work history with special populations and covering the full spectrum of mental health issues. Providing medication management, counseling, assessments among other services. I'm committed to provide a highly professional, confidential service in an environment that is safe and promotes personal growth and healing. WITH 24/7 DIRECT ACCESS FOR ESTABLISHED PATIENTS.
Some areas covered include; Depressive Disorders including Post Partum Depression, Anxiety, Panic Attacks, Eating Disorders, relationship issues, Anger/Stress Management Psychological, Sexual, Physical Trauma,Grief and loss, Gender Issues Life/Career Transitions, Drug and Alcohol Assessments, Relapse Prevention Work, Domestic Violence, ADHD, PTSD.
Mental health and substance abuse is my passion. I have worked both in outpatient and in-patient settings. Extensive work history with special populations and covering the full spectrum of mental health issues. Providing medication management, counseling, assessments among other services. I'm committed to provide a highly professional, confidential service in an environment that is safe and promotes personal growth and healing. WITH 24/7 DIRECT ACCESS FOR ESTABLISHED PATIENTS.
(860) 846-3345 View (860) 846-3345
Photo of Douglas Zelisko, Psychiatrist in Hartford County, CT
Douglas Zelisko
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Hartford, CT 06105
This fosters an environment for a provider-patient relationship where you feel heard and supported.
Making the decision to seek help with your challenges can feel both empowering and vulnerable. I offer a safe and compassionate, non-judgmental space for us to start the process and talk. I strive to help adults with a wide range of issues, including anxiety, depression, grief and loss, relationship issues, trauma, focus, and physical ailments among others. I provide both medication management, as well as individual psychotherapy. I primarily practice psychodynamic psychotherapy, however am trained in other modalities to best help you through the emotional challenges you face and allow a greater understanding of yourself.
This fosters an environment for a provider-patient relationship where you feel heard and supported.
Making the decision to seek help with your challenges can feel both empowering and vulnerable. I offer a safe and compassionate, non-judgmental space for us to start the process and talk. I strive to help adults with a wide range of issues, including anxiety, depression, grief and loss, relationship issues, trauma, focus, and physical ailments among others. I provide both medication management, as well as individual psychotherapy. I primarily practice psychodynamic psychotherapy, however am trained in other modalities to best help you through the emotional challenges you face and allow a greater understanding of yourself.
(860) 854-7338 View (860) 854-7338
Photo of Danielle Morgan, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Hartford County, CT
Danielle Morgan
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Hartford, CT 06103  (Online Only)
I work to create a safe and open space for patients to do their best work possible. To this end, I partner with you, seeking my own personal definition of mental health wellness, ever-changing throughout my lifetime as well. The work of personal fulfillment is humbling and great; and work I do not take for granted.
I work to create a safe and open space for patients to do their best work possible. To this end, I partner with you, seeking my own personal definition of mental health wellness, ever-changing throughout my lifetime as well. The work of personal fulfillment is humbling and great; and work I do not take for granted.
(475) 465-5950 View (475) 465-5950
Photo of Dr. Chanon C. Biceglia, DNP of Medica Today LLC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Hartford County, CT
Dr. Chanon C. Biceglia, DNP of Medica Today LLC
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP, NP-C, APRN
Verified Verified
Simsbury, CT 06070
To that end, I partner with my clients to ensure the treatment modality is one that is mutually agreed upon while providing a caring and compassionate environment, where individual growth and self-discovery is encouraged and celebrated.
With a strong passion for helping others succeed & work through obstacles in their life, I serve as both a psychiatric and medical provider, with a comprehensive education & experience of 25+ years. Holding a doctorate and double board certified as a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner & medical APRN, I hold full prescriptive authority to serve the needs of clients in Connecticut & Arizona. My background & experience includes trauma & crisis, primary care, inpatient hospital, out-patient, family/couples, school based intervention, ADD/ADHD, & ASD health and wellness.
To that end, I partner with my clients to ensure the treatment modality is one that is mutually agreed upon while providing a caring and compassionate environment, where individual growth and self-discovery is encouraged and celebrated.
With a strong passion for helping others succeed & work through obstacles in their life, I serve as both a psychiatric and medical provider, with a comprehensive education & experience of 25+ years. Holding a doctorate and double board certified as a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner & medical APRN, I hold full prescriptive authority to serve the needs of clients in Connecticut & Arizona. My background & experience includes trauma & crisis, primary care, inpatient hospital, out-patient, family/couples, school based intervention, ADD/ADHD, & ASD health and wellness.
(203) 806-9936 View (203) 806-9936
Photo of Dr. Sequilla Carter, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Hartford County, CT
Dr. Sequilla Carter
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, MBA, APRN, PMHNP, -BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bloomfield, CT 06002
Our goal is to provide better mental health care for people with physical health problems and improved support for people with common mental disorders as well as those with severe mental illness. The underpinning of our care plans are based on the 6 human needs: Certainty, Variety, Significance, Connection, Growth and Contribution. We know that management of whatever you're experiencing likely falls outside of the realm of the "health care system" so we recognize the importance of having open, empathetic conversations about mental health as we continue to navigate the challenges life throws at us.
Our goal is to provide better mental health care for people with physical health problems and improved support for people with common mental disorders as well as those with severe mental illness. The underpinning of our care plans are based on the 6 human needs: Certainty, Variety, Significance, Connection, Growth and Contribution. We know that management of whatever you're experiencing likely falls outside of the realm of the "health care system" so we recognize the importance of having open, empathetic conversations about mental health as we continue to navigate the challenges life throws at us.
(413) 779-3186 View (413) 779-3186
Photo of Dr. Amy R. Salerno, Psychiatrist in Hartford County, CT
Dr. Amy R. Salerno
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hartford, CT 06105
PLEASE note: I am out-of-network and do NOT accept insurance. SPRING is around the corner! This is the season for change. I’m glad you’ve taken this step to learn more about yourself. I am a Board Certified Physician with extensive experience in mental health issues across all life stages. I am Fellowship trained in both Integrative Psychiatry and Maternal Child Health. I offer holistic, culturally competent care, in both English and Spanish.
PLEASE note: I am out-of-network and do NOT accept insurance. SPRING is around the corner! This is the season for change. I’m glad you’ve taken this step to learn more about yourself. I am a Board Certified Physician with extensive experience in mental health issues across all life stages. I am Fellowship trained in both Integrative Psychiatry and Maternal Child Health. I offer holistic, culturally competent care, in both English and Spanish.
(860) 935-6556 View (860) 935-6556
Professional Nurse Practitioner
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN
Verified Verified
Newington, CT 06111  (Online Only)
Accepting new patients via telehealth visits for psychiatric evaluations and medication management. We treat anyone suffering with depression, anxiety, or other mental health issue that is adversely affecting optimal functioning at work, deterring their best social self, or preventing being fully present for loved ones. Professional Nurse Practitioner offers affordable tele-psych services to everyone with busy demanding lifestyles. Make an appointment today. Evening and weekend hours available. Affordable out-of-pocket rates. Accepting most insurances.
Accepting new patients via telehealth visits for psychiatric evaluations and medication management. We treat anyone suffering with depression, anxiety, or other mental health issue that is adversely affecting optimal functioning at work, deterring their best social self, or preventing being fully present for loved ones. Professional Nurse Practitioner offers affordable tele-psych services to everyone with busy demanding lifestyles. Make an appointment today. Evening and weekend hours available. Affordable out-of-pocket rates. Accepting most insurances.
(860) 947-4065 View (860) 947-4065
Photo of Ayesha Ahmed, Psychiatrist in Hartford County, CT
Ayesha Ahmed
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
West Hartford, CT 06107
We are accepting new Patient (Adult,18 years and older). I am a 15+ years Experienced, Board Certified Physician specialized in Psychiatry, with Fellowship in Geriatric Psychiatry. Depression, Anxiety, Sleep Disorders, Trauma, Phobias, Alzheimer, Postpartum Depression, Behavioral Disturbance, Senior-Geriatric conditions. My mission is to provide my patients with the best care in a confidential, relaxed environment through Evaluation and Medication Management. My office is in West Hartford Center, near by towns are Bloomfield, Avon, Granby, Simsbury, Canton, Windsor, Hartford, Newrington, Glastonbury, Danbury, Springfield-MA.
We are accepting new Patient (Adult,18 years and older). I am a 15+ years Experienced, Board Certified Physician specialized in Psychiatry, with Fellowship in Geriatric Psychiatry. Depression, Anxiety, Sleep Disorders, Trauma, Phobias, Alzheimer, Postpartum Depression, Behavioral Disturbance, Senior-Geriatric conditions. My mission is to provide my patients with the best care in a confidential, relaxed environment through Evaluation and Medication Management. My office is in West Hartford Center, near by towns are Bloomfield, Avon, Granby, Simsbury, Canton, Windsor, Hartford, Newrington, Glastonbury, Danbury, Springfield-MA.
(860) 478-4341 View (860) 478-4341
Photo of Connecticut Behavioral Health Associates, PC, Psychiatrist in Hartford County, CT
Connecticut Behavioral Health Associates, PC
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Glastonbury, CT 06033
Connecticut Behavioral Health Associates (CBHA) was established in 1989 by Dr. Bassam Awwa MD, who’s vision was to create a world-class treatment program that sets the standard of excellence in the treatment of behavioral health disorders and addictive diseases, ADHD, Anxiety, Depression and Spravato treatment. Every member of our team strives towards the unified goal of making CBHA synonymous with excellent care, phenomenal customer service & an unmatched commitment to families, our communities and most of all, our clients.
Connecticut Behavioral Health Associates (CBHA) was established in 1989 by Dr. Bassam Awwa MD, who’s vision was to create a world-class treatment program that sets the standard of excellence in the treatment of behavioral health disorders and addictive diseases, ADHD, Anxiety, Depression and Spravato treatment. Every member of our team strives towards the unified goal of making CBHA synonymous with excellent care, phenomenal customer service & an unmatched commitment to families, our communities and most of all, our clients.
(860) 485-7207 x206 View (860) 485-7207 x206
Photo of Briana Komar, Psychiatrist in Hartford County, CT
Briana Komar
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Hartford, CT 06105
There is always so much more to a person than just their symptoms. Everyone has a unique story to tell, and by getting to know people on a deeper level, I believe it is possible to address traumatic histories, problematic belief systems, physical ailments, and lifestyle issues which may be manifesting themselves as psychiatric symptoms.
There is always so much more to a person than just their symptoms. Everyone has a unique story to tell, and by getting to know people on a deeper level, I believe it is possible to address traumatic histories, problematic belief systems, physical ailments, and lifestyle issues which may be manifesting themselves as psychiatric symptoms.
(860) 891-6190 View (860) 891-6190
Photo of Matthew Campbell, Psychiatrist in Hartford County, CT
Matthew Campbell
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Hartford, CT 06108  (Online Only)
Dr. Matthew Campbell received his medical degree from the University of Washington. He completed psychiatry residency and an addiction fellowship at Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein. He provides telepsychiatry for adults throughout Connecticut. He is currently taking new patients interested in CRAFT (Community Reinforcement and Family Training.) This is an evidenced based therapy for people (CSO) affected by someone (IP) with an addiction. It has 3 goals of: improved mental health/quality of life of CSO, decreased substance use by IP and much higher treatment engagement to address substance use for IP.
Dr. Matthew Campbell received his medical degree from the University of Washington. He completed psychiatry residency and an addiction fellowship at Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein. He provides telepsychiatry for adults throughout Connecticut. He is currently taking new patients interested in CRAFT (Community Reinforcement and Family Training.) This is an evidenced based therapy for people (CSO) affected by someone (IP) with an addiction. It has 3 goals of: improved mental health/quality of life of CSO, decreased substance use by IP and much higher treatment engagement to address substance use for IP.
(860) 764-2784 View (860) 764-2784
Photo of Holistic Behavioral Health of CT. LLC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Hartford County, CT
Holistic Behavioral Health of CT. LLC
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, PMHNP, BC
Verified Verified
Bloomfield, CT 06002
Christain Chidiadi, is a clinician with over Fifteen years experience in behavioral and Mental health. I am a board certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner across the lifespan. I obtained my Bachelor and Master's of science in nursing degree from University of Hartford and Walden University respectively. Holistic behavioral health of Connecticut LLC. is a healing / recovery-based practice in which clients, across the lifespan with varying degrees of behavioral/mental health illnesses are managed.
Christain Chidiadi, is a clinician with over Fifteen years experience in behavioral and Mental health. I am a board certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner across the lifespan. I obtained my Bachelor and Master's of science in nursing degree from University of Hartford and Walden University respectively. Holistic behavioral health of Connecticut LLC. is a healing / recovery-based practice in which clients, across the lifespan with varying degrees of behavioral/mental health illnesses are managed.
(860) 934-0237 View (860) 934-0237
Photo of Liv Well Behavioral Health Services (LWBHS), Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Hartford County, CT
Liv Well Behavioral Health Services (LWBHS)
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, , APRN, PMHNP, -BC
Verified Verified
New Britain, CT 06052  (Online Only)
Doctorate Degree studies the impact of trauma-informed therapies throughout the life span. Chief Researcher: Building Resilience Among Veterans: TRM, CRM, EMDR to reduce PTSD, depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms. Principal Research Investigator of EMDR Therapy for inner-city adolescents to enhance resiliency. Licensed, Board Certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner, Yale-New Haven Psych & Medical Attending for Adult & Geriatrics Inpatient units, and Adjunct Professor at FFU Fairfield University in Psychiatry/Mental Health. Expertise in Psychopathology, Psychopharmacology, Psychotherapy, and Cultural Diversity.
Doctorate Degree studies the impact of trauma-informed therapies throughout the life span. Chief Researcher: Building Resilience Among Veterans: TRM, CRM, EMDR to reduce PTSD, depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms. Principal Research Investigator of EMDR Therapy for inner-city adolescents to enhance resiliency. Licensed, Board Certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner, Yale-New Haven Psych & Medical Attending for Adult & Geriatrics Inpatient units, and Adjunct Professor at FFU Fairfield University in Psychiatry/Mental Health. Expertise in Psychopathology, Psychopharmacology, Psychotherapy, and Cultural Diversity.
(959) 207-2714 View (959) 207-2714
Photo of Furne Carrier-Valentine, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Hartford County, CT
Furne Carrier-Valentine
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, PMHNP, BC
Verified Verified
Bloomfield, CT 06002
I’m a board certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP-BC), who enjoys utilizing an integrative approach to managing mental health issues. My nursing philosophy includes treating through a non-judgmental, existential lens, utilizing the evidence-based practice model approach as I combine psychotherapy and medication management. I hope that you'll allow me to assist and guide you on your journey to a better understanding of your own strengths and abilities, leading to a more fulfilling life.
I’m a board certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP-BC), who enjoys utilizing an integrative approach to managing mental health issues. My nursing philosophy includes treating through a non-judgmental, existential lens, utilizing the evidence-based practice model approach as I combine psychotherapy and medication management. I hope that you'll allow me to assist and guide you on your journey to a better understanding of your own strengths and abilities, leading to a more fulfilling life.
(860) 775-4457 View (860) 775-4457
Photo of Inner Vibrance, LLC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Hartford County, CT
Inner Vibrance, LLC
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, NP-C, APRN
Verified Verified
Windsor, CT 06095  (Online Only)
Now in network with Cigna, United/Optum/Connecticare. With offices in both Windsor and Greenwich, I am dedicated to helping individuals achieve their optimal level of mental health. With over 6 years of experience in the field, I have developed a deep understanding of the complexities of psychiatric symptoms, medications, and the role therapy plays in helping you be the best version of yourself! My approach is patient-centered, and I work closely with each individual to develop a personalized treatment plan that addresses their unique medication goals and to optimize health.
Now in network with Cigna, United/Optum/Connecticare. With offices in both Windsor and Greenwich, I am dedicated to helping individuals achieve their optimal level of mental health. With over 6 years of experience in the field, I have developed a deep understanding of the complexities of psychiatric symptoms, medications, and the role therapy plays in helping you be the best version of yourself! My approach is patient-centered, and I work closely with each individual to develop a personalized treatment plan that addresses their unique medication goals and to optimize health.
(860) 530-2955 View (860) 530-2955
Photo of Brian Eddy, Psychiatrist in Hartford County, CT
Brian Eddy
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
West Hartford, CT 06107
Are you feeling tired, can't keep up with your daily routine, emotional for no reason, dealing with overwhelming stress? You may be struggling with untreated medical symptoms. These symptoms can be treated with the guidance of a physician. "Let's talk and see what happens." I hope to keep things as open as possible, because not every patient will present with a textbook case of issues. I strive to find a way to connect with each patient in a way that respects their autonomy and dignity.
Are you feeling tired, can't keep up with your daily routine, emotional for no reason, dealing with overwhelming stress? You may be struggling with untreated medical symptoms. These symptoms can be treated with the guidance of a physician. "Let's talk and see what happens." I hope to keep things as open as possible, because not every patient will present with a textbook case of issues. I strive to find a way to connect with each patient in a way that respects their autonomy and dignity.
(860) 498-4777 View (860) 498-4777
Photo of Mekessia Richards-Carby, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Hartford County, CT
Mekessia Richards-Carby
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Windsor, CT 06095
Welcome! I am Mekessia Richards-Carby, a board-certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner with over 20 years of experience working in healthcare. My experience in psychiatry ranges from treating children and adolescents in partial hospitalization and intensive outpatient programs to adults in addiction treatment, as well as older adults as they transition through life changes. I treat a wide range of mental health conditions, including ADHD, depression, anxiety, Bipolar/mood disorders, OCD, sleep disorders, and more.
Welcome! I am Mekessia Richards-Carby, a board-certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner with over 20 years of experience working in healthcare. My experience in psychiatry ranges from treating children and adolescents in partial hospitalization and intensive outpatient programs to adults in addiction treatment, as well as older adults as they transition through life changes. I treat a wide range of mental health conditions, including ADHD, depression, anxiety, Bipolar/mood disorders, OCD, sleep disorders, and more.
(860) 792-4721 View (860) 792-4721
Man Up Wellness Plus
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN , Psych
Verified Verified
South Windsor, CT 06074
You might be surprised to learn that low testosterone levels could be a contributing factor. Despite the myth that testosterone levels do not affect sleep, the fact is that low testosterone levels can cause mood changes and are associated with insomnia in both men and women. Don't let misconceptions hold you back; book an appointment today and let our experts help you understand the truth about your body and what you can do to improve your sleep quality and overall health. Book an appointment
You might be surprised to learn that low testosterone levels could be a contributing factor. Despite the myth that testosterone levels do not affect sleep, the fact is that low testosterone levels can cause mood changes and are associated with insomnia in both men and women. Don't let misconceptions hold you back; book an appointment today and let our experts help you understand the truth about your body and what you can do to improve your sleep quality and overall health. Book an appointment
(860) 846-4479 View (860) 846-4479
Photo of Howard Kenneth Weiner, Psychiatrist in Hartford County, CT
Howard Kenneth Weiner
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Hartford, CT 06103  (Online Only)
My goal is to help each person reach his/her maximum potential as a human being. This includes not only relief from troubling symptoms, but also overcoming barriers to living life richly. Often, the troubled past casts a long shadow on the present; understanding and working through these echoes of hurts from long ago can inform and free the person to fully live in the present. I hope to help my patients find the meaning of their lives, improve relationships, free themselves from problems with self esteem, and to live with joy.
My goal is to help each person reach his/her maximum potential as a human being. This includes not only relief from troubling symptoms, but also overcoming barriers to living life richly. Often, the troubled past casts a long shadow on the present; understanding and working through these echoes of hurts from long ago can inform and free the person to fully live in the present. I hope to help my patients find the meaning of their lives, improve relationships, free themselves from problems with self esteem, and to live with joy.
(860) 891-6456 View (860) 891-6456
Photo of Zen Wellness Care LLC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Hartford County, CT
Zen Wellness Care LLC
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, AGNP-BC, RN, MSN
Verified Verified
Bloomfield, CT 06002
I am a dedicated and compassionate Board-Certified Nurse Practitioner serving the Greater Hartford. My profound passion for holistic health and well-being began during my childhood in Jamaica and has continued to flourish throughout my career. With a focus on a conservative and holistic approach, my mission is to empower individuals to recognize their complete selves, addressing physical, mental, emotional, social, intellectual, and spiritual aspects. I Emphasize preventive measures, symptom management, problem-solving, and medication management to achieve and maintain well-being. Ensuring that clients are heard and understood.
I am a dedicated and compassionate Board-Certified Nurse Practitioner serving the Greater Hartford. My profound passion for holistic health and well-being began during my childhood in Jamaica and has continued to flourish throughout my career. With a focus on a conservative and holistic approach, my mission is to empower individuals to recognize their complete selves, addressing physical, mental, emotional, social, intellectual, and spiritual aspects. I Emphasize preventive measures, symptom management, problem-solving, and medication management to achieve and maintain well-being. Ensuring that clients are heard and understood.
(860) 362-3214 View (860) 362-3214

See more therapy options for Hartford County

Couples Counseling Psychiatrists

Does couples counseling work?

Research shows that couples counseling is effective; it can reduce relationship distress and improve emotional awareness, communication, empathy, intimacy, and overall relationship satisfaction. For example, emotionally focused therapy was found to be effective for about 75 percent of couples, and those benefits lasted at least two years.

When should a couple seek counseling?

Couples can benefit from counseling if they consistently struggle in their relationship. They may have lost the ability to communicate effectively, become entrenched in harmful patterns, begun to fight more than usual, broken the other’s trust, suffered from a mental or physical illness, or faced any number of other challenges. Many therapists offer free consultations, so if a couple isn’t sure whether therapy is necessary, asking directly can provide clarity.

How can I get my partner to go to couples therapy?

The decision to seek couples therapy is often driven by one partner, who then convinces the other to participate. When discussing the idea, the initiator should be direct and assertive. They can state the problems they see and explain how the relationship would benefit from therapy. In more serious cases, they can also explain how their relationship may suffer without making any changes or seeking professional help.

How does a couple prepare for couples counseling?

The anticipation of beginning couples counseling can be difficult—sometimes more difficult than the first session itself. Taking a few moments to reflect can allay those concerns: What are the current challenges? When and how did they begin? What do they want the relationship to look like in the future? Reflecting on these questions can help individuals or couples articulate their goals. Of course, the therapist will also ask questions and guide couples through the process.