Therapists in Houston, TX

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Photo of Jonni Allen, Marriage & Family Therapist in Houston, TX
Jonni Allen
Marriage & Family Therapist, JD, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77062  (Online Only)
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, or a difficult relationship? Do you feel not your spectacular self that affects your day-to-day life, relationships, or your ability to function, at work, in your career? Do you feel exhausted, overwhelmed, maybe frustrated, or emotionally lost just the thought of getting through the day, answering emails, texts or calls? Now more than ever, attorneys, female attorneys are feeling various emotions around parts of their lives. Whether you are overcoming a difficult relationship, working through a loss, finding your place in life, or moving past sexual assault, I can help.
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, or a difficult relationship? Do you feel not your spectacular self that affects your day-to-day life, relationships, or your ability to function, at work, in your career? Do you feel exhausted, overwhelmed, maybe frustrated, or emotionally lost just the thought of getting through the day, answering emails, texts or calls? Now more than ever, attorneys, female attorneys are feeling various emotions around parts of their lives. Whether you are overcoming a difficult relationship, working through a loss, finding your place in life, or moving past sexual assault, I can help.
(346) 553-1204 View (346) 553-1204
Photo of Kirsten Reynolds, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Houston, TX
Kirsten Reynolds
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77058
If you are looking to heal from childhood wounds, family of origin relationship issues, traumatic experiences, or are looking to know yourself deeper and flourish with purpose, I’m your therapist! My hope is to be an insightful resource and support for your journey, to come alongside you as you heal and become more self aware, and to help you sustainably achieve your goals. I want to help you thrive by showing you how to pay attention to your mental, emotional, spiritual, physical, creative, and systemic health. I use EMDR, PIT, MI, TBRI, Ego-state, EFT, Brainspotting, the enneagram, somatic interventions, & more to help you heal.
If you are looking to heal from childhood wounds, family of origin relationship issues, traumatic experiences, or are looking to know yourself deeper and flourish with purpose, I’m your therapist! My hope is to be an insightful resource and support for your journey, to come alongside you as you heal and become more self aware, and to help you sustainably achieve your goals. I want to help you thrive by showing you how to pay attention to your mental, emotional, spiritual, physical, creative, and systemic health. I use EMDR, PIT, MI, TBRI, Ego-state, EFT, Brainspotting, the enneagram, somatic interventions, & more to help you heal.
(346) 666-7360 View (346) 666-7360
Photo of Barbara J. Washington, Licensed Professional Counselor in Houston, TX
Barbara J. Washington
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, CART
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77272  (Online Only)
I have successfully taught children as early as those in Program Head Start, before becoming a Texas Teacher & School Counselor, and ultimately a LPC-Supervisor . As a child advocate who tries to understand the needs of the child in hopes of helping with mental or emotional turmoil. One may say or think that I specialize in treating children? This would be false, because I can't recall a situation where I could help the child without helping the parents, and even the whole family. Family history and dynamics plays a "Huge" role in your child's development and behaviors.
I have successfully taught children as early as those in Program Head Start, before becoming a Texas Teacher & School Counselor, and ultimately a LPC-Supervisor . As a child advocate who tries to understand the needs of the child in hopes of helping with mental or emotional turmoil. One may say or think that I specialize in treating children? This would be false, because I can't recall a situation where I could help the child without helping the parents, and even the whole family. Family history and dynamics plays a "Huge" role in your child's development and behaviors.
(713) 772-9085 View (713) 772-9085
Photo of Nicole I. Chess, Marriage & Family Therapist in Houston, TX
Nicole I. Chess
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77002  (Online Only)
My approach is totally tailored to you. It is as unique as you are. You are yourself and there is only one like you- YOU! It is non-judgmental in nature and I will meet you where you are and will go at a pace that is comfortable for you. Therefore, I take the time to truly understand you, your thought processes, your personality, and unique life experiences. I am interested in honoring your past and how it affects your present. Clearing out the “clutter” you may have gathered will help you reach a clean slate. Then the potential for a new level of creating, clarity and consciousness can be added to your future.
My approach is totally tailored to you. It is as unique as you are. You are yourself and there is only one like you- YOU! It is non-judgmental in nature and I will meet you where you are and will go at a pace that is comfortable for you. Therefore, I take the time to truly understand you, your thought processes, your personality, and unique life experiences. I am interested in honoring your past and how it affects your present. Clearing out the “clutter” you may have gathered will help you reach a clean slate. Then the potential for a new level of creating, clarity and consciousness can be added to your future.
(256) 330-6171 View (256) 330-6171
Photo of Patricia Cherry, Licensed Professional Counselor in Houston, TX
Patricia Cherry
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77074
Hello! I am Patricia (Patty) Cherry, a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Texas with over 39 years of clinical experience. I typically work with clients experiencing depression, anxiety and stress, adjustment issues, and grief. My primary approaches to therapy include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Client Centered Therapy, and Mindfulness based therapy. In addition, I do Christian counseling.
Hello! I am Patricia (Patty) Cherry, a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Texas with over 39 years of clinical experience. I typically work with clients experiencing depression, anxiety and stress, adjustment issues, and grief. My primary approaches to therapy include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Client Centered Therapy, and Mindfulness based therapy. In addition, I do Christian counseling.
(346) 215-1434 View (346) 215-1434
Photo of Stephen Inspiring Minds (MPS), Counselor in Houston, TX
Stephen Inspiring Minds (MPS)
Counselor, MA, MS, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77056
Hello, I am an experienced licensed therapist with over 20 years of experience. I can work with you to develop a plan that will address your current issues in any of the following areas: depression, anxiety, stress management, trauma, infidelity, relationships, weight loss, and lack of motivation. I offer holiday and weekend availability because these are usually the most stressful times. I am a University of Texas alumni (1990) and I have over 200 (5star) reviews on my website from other satisfied clients. Contact my office for a free consult or an intro session. I offer affordable services and financing is also available.
Hello, I am an experienced licensed therapist with over 20 years of experience. I can work with you to develop a plan that will address your current issues in any of the following areas: depression, anxiety, stress management, trauma, infidelity, relationships, weight loss, and lack of motivation. I offer holiday and weekend availability because these are usually the most stressful times. I am a University of Texas alumni (1990) and I have over 200 (5star) reviews on my website from other satisfied clients. Contact my office for a free consult or an intro session. I offer affordable services and financing is also available.
(713) 597-4616 View (713) 597-4616
Photo of Eva-Maria Gortner, Psychologist in Houston, TX
Eva-Maria Gortner
Psychologist, MA, PhD
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77098
Waitlist for new clients
Do you feel that you are riding the waves of life alone? Storms are part of life, and they can be exhausting. Often stress and difficult situations can leave you feeling lost, not knowing where to start. However, you can learn how to weather life's storms. There is hope. My passion and mission is to offer a warm, safe, culturally sensitive space to help you through those hard times. I believe in helping people who are facing rough times to recognize their resilience and grow from personal difficulties.
Do you feel that you are riding the waves of life alone? Storms are part of life, and they can be exhausting. Often stress and difficult situations can leave you feeling lost, not knowing where to start. However, you can learn how to weather life's storms. There is hope. My passion and mission is to offer a warm, safe, culturally sensitive space to help you through those hard times. I believe in helping people who are facing rough times to recognize their resilience and grow from personal difficulties.
(713) 489-3215 View (713) 489-3215
Caroline Baizan
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdD, MA, LPC, LSSP
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77027
Dr. Caroline Baizan is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and Licensed Specialist in School Psychology (LSSP), specializing in young children and adolescents. She has a master’s degree in clinical psychology and a doctoral degree in counseling. Dr. Baizan’s goal is to assist adolescents and children in identifying and overcoming challenges in their lives. Caroline is passionate about supporting an individual’s journey to envision and achieve the best version of themselves. Caroline is dedicated to supporting and assisting in navigating tweens/teens through challenging periods in their lives.
Dr. Caroline Baizan is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and Licensed Specialist in School Psychology (LSSP), specializing in young children and adolescents. She has a master’s degree in clinical psychology and a doctoral degree in counseling. Dr. Baizan’s goal is to assist adolescents and children in identifying and overcoming challenges in their lives. Caroline is passionate about supporting an individual’s journey to envision and achieve the best version of themselves. Caroline is dedicated to supporting and assisting in navigating tweens/teens through challenging periods in their lives.
(832) 219-6427 View (832) 219-6427
Photo of William H Sharpe III, Licensed Professional Counselor in Houston, TX
William H Sharpe III
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77057
A new day means a new opportunity… I’m humbled and enthused to share in your experiences, challenges, and accomplishments as we navigate through life. Therapy can be scary and new for many, and although that may be true, I want to reassure you that this is the space and the place to grow in ways that are truly life changing.
A new day means a new opportunity… I’m humbled and enthused to share in your experiences, challenges, and accomplishments as we navigate through life. Therapy can be scary and new for many, and although that may be true, I want to reassure you that this is the space and the place to grow in ways that are truly life changing.
(281) 378-6746 View (281) 378-6746
Photo of Angela L. Jones, Licensed Professional Counselor in Houston, TX
Angela L. Jones
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, CST-C
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77055
Ever felt like the answer you're seeking is closer than you think? I believe just that - that you hold the key to your own fulfillment. It's the guiding principle behind my therapeutic approach. Picture us as teammates in your journey of self-discovery, reconnection, and purposeful living. Together, we'll forge a bond built on trust and respect, creating a space where your voice resonates, and your needs are paramount. My focus? Connecting your past to your present, problem-solving, & fostering healthy choices. I addition, I'm currently a Certified Sex Therapy Candidate at the esteemed Texas Sex Therapy Institute.
Ever felt like the answer you're seeking is closer than you think? I believe just that - that you hold the key to your own fulfillment. It's the guiding principle behind my therapeutic approach. Picture us as teammates in your journey of self-discovery, reconnection, and purposeful living. Together, we'll forge a bond built on trust and respect, creating a space where your voice resonates, and your needs are paramount. My focus? Connecting your past to your present, problem-solving, & fostering healthy choices. I addition, I'm currently a Certified Sex Therapy Candidate at the esteemed Texas Sex Therapy Institute.
(281) 947-3915 View (281) 947-3915
Photo of Dianne Pulsipher, Licensed Professional Counselor in Houston, TX
Dianne Pulsipher
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77042
I work with individuals to address issues of stress, grief and loss, codependency, anxiety, depression, and trauma, and facilitate performance enhancement and psychospiritual healing. Performance enhancement helps you visualize the person you want to become and remove roadblocks that get in the way of becoming that person. I define a trauma as an event that has a lasting negative effect. EMDR and Braingpotting are two of the therapeutic modalities I utilize to help negative experiences become unstuck and heal the wounds caused by stressors, trauma, and neglect.
I work with individuals to address issues of stress, grief and loss, codependency, anxiety, depression, and trauma, and facilitate performance enhancement and psychospiritual healing. Performance enhancement helps you visualize the person you want to become and remove roadblocks that get in the way of becoming that person. I define a trauma as an event that has a lasting negative effect. EMDR and Braingpotting are two of the therapeutic modalities I utilize to help negative experiences become unstuck and heal the wounds caused by stressors, trauma, and neglect.
(713) 338-9220 View (713) 338-9220
Photo of Abbey Bryan, Licensed Professional Counselor in Houston, TX
Abbey Bryan
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77002  (Online Only)
Now accepting NEW clients! Schedule with Abbey directly on her website! Abbey is a licensed therapist in Texas. Whether we are working through a complicated period of life or something more, we can use a partner to help us sort through our thoughts and feelings. Abbey has eclectic and authentic approach to helping clients sort through it all. She has spent many years helping young adults as they navigate transitions of live. Now many of her clients are experiencing periods of transition, working through challenges in relationships, or have decided that they are ready to heal.
Now accepting NEW clients! Schedule with Abbey directly on her website! Abbey is a licensed therapist in Texas. Whether we are working through a complicated period of life or something more, we can use a partner to help us sort through our thoughts and feelings. Abbey has eclectic and authentic approach to helping clients sort through it all. She has spent many years helping young adults as they navigate transitions of live. Now many of her clients are experiencing periods of transition, working through challenges in relationships, or have decided that they are ready to heal.
(713) 360-0253 View (713) 360-0253
Photo of Lauren Hall, Licensed Professional Counselor in Houston, TX
Lauren Hall
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77079
My ideal client is someone who is ready to face their pain, whatever that is and take accountability for what they can change or do differently now. They understand that growth is a daily practice. They seek healing through acknowledging the past, identify their needs through self awareness, and making life/ behavior changes that is conducive to the life they desire. They seek honesty and vulnerability within, in order to become the best version of themselves. They are committed to taking control of their life by being the narrator of their life story.
My ideal client is someone who is ready to face their pain, whatever that is and take accountability for what they can change or do differently now. They understand that growth is a daily practice. They seek healing through acknowledging the past, identify their needs through self awareness, and making life/ behavior changes that is conducive to the life they desire. They seek honesty and vulnerability within, in order to become the best version of themselves. They are committed to taking control of their life by being the narrator of their life story.
(281) 815-4175 x105 View (281) 815-4175 x105
Photo of Melissa Beason-Smith, Psychologist in Houston, TX
Melissa Beason-Smith
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77007
Waitlist for new clients
I offer psychotherapy services to adults with a wide range of presenting problems, including anxiety, mood, adjustment, and interpersonal difficulties. I especially enjoy working with survivors of trauma and have specialized training with combat Veterans and survivors of childhood abuse, rape, and interpersonal violence. I have completed training in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing and am currently completing training in Modern Psychoanalysis through the Center for Group Studies in New York.
I offer psychotherapy services to adults with a wide range of presenting problems, including anxiety, mood, adjustment, and interpersonal difficulties. I especially enjoy working with survivors of trauma and have specialized training with combat Veterans and survivors of childhood abuse, rape, and interpersonal violence. I have completed training in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing and am currently completing training in Modern Psychoanalysis through the Center for Group Studies in New York.
(281) 973-0309 View (281) 973-0309
Photo of Marcia Nilson-Blake, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Houston, TX
Marcia Nilson-Blake
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77084
Hi there! I’m Marcia Nilson-Blake, a licensed therapist/mental health professional with a wealth of experience working with children up to and including our elderly population. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. I will tailor our dialogue and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs. Taking the first step to reach out and sign up for a counseling session is courageous! I have many therapeutic strategies to assist with feeling some relief in the first session. I look forward to working with you!
Hi there! I’m Marcia Nilson-Blake, a licensed therapist/mental health professional with a wealth of experience working with children up to and including our elderly population. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. I will tailor our dialogue and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs. Taking the first step to reach out and sign up for a counseling session is courageous! I have many therapeutic strategies to assist with feeling some relief in the first session. I look forward to working with you!
(281) 519-2670 View (281) 519-2670
Photo of Holly A. Crosby, Marriage & Family Therapist in Houston, TX
Holly A. Crosby
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77070
I am a therapist driven by a passion for helping others navigate life's challenges and discover their inner strength and resiliency. Life can be difficult. Sometimes these difficulties can start to weigh heavy and limit our abilities to see clearly, make decisions, and manage our daily life. It becomes clear that something needs to change, but finding the right place to start can be a challenge. I am here to help you untangle the mess and work toward healing and self-discovery. I aim to foster self-acceptance and personal growth and create an environment free from judgment where you can safely explore your emotions and experiences.
I am a therapist driven by a passion for helping others navigate life's challenges and discover their inner strength and resiliency. Life can be difficult. Sometimes these difficulties can start to weigh heavy and limit our abilities to see clearly, make decisions, and manage our daily life. It becomes clear that something needs to change, but finding the right place to start can be a challenge. I am here to help you untangle the mess and work toward healing and self-discovery. I aim to foster self-acceptance and personal growth and create an environment free from judgment where you can safely explore your emotions and experiences.
(281) 595-8161 View (281) 595-8161
Photo of Mylene Terranova Duarte, LPC-Associate in Houston, TX
Mylene Terranova Duarte
LPC-Associate, MS, LPC-A, NCC
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77007  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Hi! I am Mylene. I am a LPC-Associate. I am so happy you are here. If you are looking through these pages, it probably means you either have taken a big step and decided to look for help, or you are still considering if therapy is something really you "need". This is a very intimidating and scary moment. It takes a lot of courage and I am happy for you to be considering taking this step. I am here to tell you that I get it. It is not easy and I hope I can help you to feel safe and comfortable opening up to a therapist.
Hi! I am Mylene. I am a LPC-Associate. I am so happy you are here. If you are looking through these pages, it probably means you either have taken a big step and decided to look for help, or you are still considering if therapy is something really you "need". This is a very intimidating and scary moment. It takes a lot of courage and I am happy for you to be considering taking this step. I am here to tell you that I get it. It is not easy and I hope I can help you to feel safe and comfortable opening up to a therapist.
(346) 291-2977 View (346) 291-2977
Photo of Maria Lourdes Ortiz, Licensed Professional Counselor in Houston, TX
Maria Lourdes Ortiz
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77018  (Online Only)
Are you feeling anxious? Having trouble sleeping? Are you having problems socializing with other humans? You can and deserve to feel better. You are probably more "normal" than you think you are.
Are you feeling anxious? Having trouble sleeping? Are you having problems socializing with other humans? You can and deserve to feel better. You are probably more "normal" than you think you are.
(832) 662-1632 View (832) 662-1632
Photo of Denise O'Doherty, Marriage & Family Therapist in Houston, TX
Denise O'Doherty
Marriage & Family Therapist, MSN, LMFT, LPC, CIRT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77019  (Online Only)
My goal is to give time, attention and direction, focusing on what is in the best interest for my clients. I am direct, focused and insight oriented. The purpose of therapy is to create positive changes, to enhance ones sense of self and to find manageable and empowering solutions to life's challenges. I provide counseling to individuals, couples and families of varying age, gender, race and sexual orientations.
My goal is to give time, attention and direction, focusing on what is in the best interest for my clients. I am direct, focused and insight oriented. The purpose of therapy is to create positive changes, to enhance ones sense of self and to find manageable and empowering solutions to life's challenges. I provide counseling to individuals, couples and families of varying age, gender, race and sexual orientations.
(713) 823-4001 View (713) 823-4001
Photo of Shea Langs, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Houston, TX
Shea Langs
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77089  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical social worker with over 20 years experience working in the field of mental health and social services.
I am a licensed clinical social worker with over 20 years experience working in the field of mental health and social services.
(901) 519-2870 View (901) 519-2870

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Houston, TX

3,000+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Houston, TX who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
74% Self Esteem
70% Coping Skills
68% Relationship Issues
66% Stress
64% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% Aetna
80% Cigna and Evernorth
80% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Houston, TX see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Houston?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.