Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

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Photo of Olivia Schwendinger, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Olivia Schwendinger
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, LAMFT
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55409  (Online Only)
I work with individuals and couples experiencing issues related to sex, traditional gender roles, desire, grief, and self image to support you in building the life you want. Couples/partners may struggle with communication related to sex, desire discrepancy, or unhelpful relationship dynamics. Individuals may wish to explore their sexual identity, process grief and loss, unpack past traumas or family patterns that cause distress in present relationships, create new expressions of masculinity or femininity, or learn how to prioritize pleasure.
I work with individuals and couples experiencing issues related to sex, traditional gender roles, desire, grief, and self image to support you in building the life you want. Couples/partners may struggle with communication related to sex, desire discrepancy, or unhelpful relationship dynamics. Individuals may wish to explore their sexual identity, process grief and loss, unpack past traumas or family patterns that cause distress in present relationships, create new expressions of masculinity or femininity, or learn how to prioritize pleasure.
(612) 439-4579 View (612) 439-4579
Photo of Nancy J Arikian, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
Nancy J Arikian
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55403
I am passionate about helping people find and build on their inner strengths and learn new skills in order to feel more at ease emotionally and create a more satisfying life. I listen deeply to help people explore their strengths and also obstacles to creating the life they want. I enjoy helping people with a variety of problems including anxiety, depressed mood, relationship struggles, insomnia, and health problems including Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
I am passionate about helping people find and build on their inner strengths and learn new skills in order to feel more at ease emotionally and create a more satisfying life. I listen deeply to help people explore their strengths and also obstacles to creating the life they want. I enjoy helping people with a variety of problems including anxiety, depressed mood, relationship struggles, insomnia, and health problems including Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
(612) 354-8114 View (612) 354-8114
Photo of LifeWorks Integrated Coaching LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
LifeWorks Integrated Coaching LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, CPC, , EMDR-C, CIATC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55408
Lifeworks Integrated Coaching supports individuals, couples, and families dealing with a wide range of life, such as relationship, stress and career issues. Our approach to coaching addresses your immediate needs and proactively looks towards the future, promotes empowerment, and plans for lifelong wellness. Our goal is to provide holistic support that treats each client as a dynamic and unique individual. Together, we address the full range of their physical, emotional, mental and spiritual needs so that they can experience profound clarity, joy, and freedom in their life, career, and relationships.
Lifeworks Integrated Coaching supports individuals, couples, and families dealing with a wide range of life, such as relationship, stress and career issues. Our approach to coaching addresses your immediate needs and proactively looks towards the future, promotes empowerment, and plans for lifelong wellness. Our goal is to provide holistic support that treats each client as a dynamic and unique individual. Together, we address the full range of their physical, emotional, mental and spiritual needs so that they can experience profound clarity, joy, and freedom in their life, career, and relationships.
(612) 712-4469 View (612) 712-4469
Photo of Daniel Hoffman, Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Daniel Hoffman
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55401
I've been at this for 5 years now, and I am always fascinated by the infinite variety of ways people can get themselves in and out of trouble. I work with adults to overcome roadblocks, better understand themselves, and otherwise self-actualize. My clinical interests include depression, anxiety, anger, trauma, self-esteem, unwanted substance and behavioral patterns, lifespan growth, among others. I value empowerment highly in the therapeutic process and work well with motivated clients.
I've been at this for 5 years now, and I am always fascinated by the infinite variety of ways people can get themselves in and out of trouble. I work with adults to overcome roadblocks, better understand themselves, and otherwise self-actualize. My clinical interests include depression, anxiety, anger, trauma, self-esteem, unwanted substance and behavioral patterns, lifespan growth, among others. I value empowerment highly in the therapeutic process and work well with motivated clients.
(763) 314-4587 View (763) 314-4587
Photo of Melissa Forth, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Melissa Forth
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, JD, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55401
Not accepting new clients
Forming a secure and strong connection with a therapist can facilitate change and personal growth. I listen intently to help you identify patterns and conflicts that are keeping you stuck. I’m committed to providing an open and supportive environment to address a range of personal concerns. My style is genuine, casual, warm and compassionate. I’ve been described as creating a safe therapeutic space with positive energy, humor and non-judgment. Our collaborative work together can help you improve relationships, find empowerment, gain new insights and coping skills, lessen symptoms, and deepen your understanding of who you are.
Forming a secure and strong connection with a therapist can facilitate change and personal growth. I listen intently to help you identify patterns and conflicts that are keeping you stuck. I’m committed to providing an open and supportive environment to address a range of personal concerns. My style is genuine, casual, warm and compassionate. I’ve been described as creating a safe therapeutic space with positive energy, humor and non-judgment. Our collaborative work together can help you improve relationships, find empowerment, gain new insights and coping skills, lessen symptoms, and deepen your understanding of who you are.
(763) 373-8220 View (763) 373-8220
Photo of Benjamin Ronning, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Benjamin Ronning
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55403
I consider the opportunity to learn about a client's unique inner experiences to be a wonderful privilege. As the therapeutic relationship strengthens, so does the chance to learn and evolve. I try my best to understand and create a warm, open, and safe therapeutic environment. My work is integrative and rooted in Person-Centered Theory. I utilize various interventions including Emotionally Focused Therapy, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, and an existential approach.
I consider the opportunity to learn about a client's unique inner experiences to be a wonderful privilege. As the therapeutic relationship strengthens, so does the chance to learn and evolve. I try my best to understand and create a warm, open, and safe therapeutic environment. My work is integrative and rooted in Person-Centered Theory. I utilize various interventions including Emotionally Focused Therapy, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, and an existential approach.
(612) 324-5772 x2 View (612) 324-5772 x2
Photo of Karlie Weishoff, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Karlie Weishoff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55401  (Online Only)
As a therapist, my primary goal is to create a warm and inviting space where you feel safe to explore your emotions at your own pace. I believe that healing happens best when it's guided by empathy, understanding, and a genuine connection. In our sessions together, I'll be there to listen without judgment, offering support and guidance as we navigate your journey towards personal growth and transformation. I understand that each individual's path to healing is unique, and I'm committed to meeting you where you are on that journey.
As a therapist, my primary goal is to create a warm and inviting space where you feel safe to explore your emotions at your own pace. I believe that healing happens best when it's guided by empathy, understanding, and a genuine connection. In our sessions together, I'll be there to listen without judgment, offering support and guidance as we navigate your journey towards personal growth and transformation. I understand that each individual's path to healing is unique, and I'm committed to meeting you where you are on that journey.
(763) 296-8074 View (763) 296-8074
Photo of Vaughn Maree Powell, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Vaughn Maree Powell
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55405
Waitlist for new clients
I work with individuals who seek to better understand themselves and how they interact with the world. My job is to build meaningful connections with my clients so that I can identify relational patterns that contribute to depression and anxiety, guilt, overwhelm and shame. I have learned that how we chose to relate to caregivers in childhood influences how we create and maintain relationships in adulthood. I help clients become aware of the cycle that is being unconsciously repeated so that they can eventually exercise choice to change.
I work with individuals who seek to better understand themselves and how they interact with the world. My job is to build meaningful connections with my clients so that I can identify relational patterns that contribute to depression and anxiety, guilt, overwhelm and shame. I have learned that how we chose to relate to caregivers in childhood influences how we create and maintain relationships in adulthood. I help clients become aware of the cycle that is being unconsciously repeated so that they can eventually exercise choice to change.
(612) 429-4734 View (612) 429-4734
Photo of Gray Therapy LLC, Marriage & Family Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Gray Therapy LLC
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA LMFT
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55409  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Welcome! My name is Lisa Gray. I love my work and I'm biased towards the idea of therapy for everyone all the time, but let's begin by talking about how things end: We'll know our work is done when you feel confident that you can navigate your emotional seasons with the insight and strategies we develop together. You should feel increased peace and satisfaction in your relationship with yourself and the people around you, your energy for daily life, and preparedness to weather future storms.
Welcome! My name is Lisa Gray. I love my work and I'm biased towards the idea of therapy for everyone all the time, but let's begin by talking about how things end: We'll know our work is done when you feel confident that you can navigate your emotional seasons with the insight and strategies we develop together. You should feel increased peace and satisfaction in your relationship with yourself and the people around you, your energy for daily life, and preparedness to weather future storms.
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Photo of Shawna Belcher, Licensed Professional Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Shawna Belcher
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPCC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55429  (Online Only)
As a mental health therapist, I am dedicated to providing evidence-based and client-centered support to individuals seeking guidance on their journey towards improved well being. With a deep commitment to fostering a safe and comforting therapeutic relationship, I strive to provide a supportive space where clients feel enabled to explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences openly. Grounded in a person-centered approach to wellness, my practice integrates various therapeutic modalities tailored to meet the unique needs of each client.
As a mental health therapist, I am dedicated to providing evidence-based and client-centered support to individuals seeking guidance on their journey towards improved well being. With a deep commitment to fostering a safe and comforting therapeutic relationship, I strive to provide a supportive space where clients feel enabled to explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences openly. Grounded in a person-centered approach to wellness, my practice integrates various therapeutic modalities tailored to meet the unique needs of each client.
(763) 373-5042 View (763) 373-5042
Photo of Stephanie Johnson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Stephanie Johnson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, R-DMT, LPC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55410
Waitlist for new clients
I treat children with symptoms of attention and learning challenges including anxiety and sensory concerns. The modality I use is Developmental Movement Therapy and Primitive Reflex Integration which are Somatic approaches that focus on addressing the root of symptoms rather than teaching accommodations or coping mechanisms. Treatment sessions are fun, movement based and "home play" is offered to parents to as a way of engaging and supporting your child between sessions.
I treat children with symptoms of attention and learning challenges including anxiety and sensory concerns. The modality I use is Developmental Movement Therapy and Primitive Reflex Integration which are Somatic approaches that focus on addressing the root of symptoms rather than teaching accommodations or coping mechanisms. Treatment sessions are fun, movement based and "home play" is offered to parents to as a way of engaging and supporting your child between sessions.
(952) 900-5585 View (952) 900-5585
Photo of Steve Borchardt, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Steve Borchardt
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW , LGSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55419
Like many things in life, in therapy the journey is every bit as important as the destination. An indispensable part of this journey is the relationship between client and therapist. My first priority in getting to know a new client is to work together to form an alliance that feels supportive, trusting, and empowering. In addition, I also strive to create an environment where it feels safe to say the quiet parts out loud, where you can fully express yourself without fear of judgment, and where you can begin to experience new patterns of interaction that enable you to increase satisfaction in your interpersonal relationships.
Like many things in life, in therapy the journey is every bit as important as the destination. An indispensable part of this journey is the relationship between client and therapist. My first priority in getting to know a new client is to work together to form an alliance that feels supportive, trusting, and empowering. In addition, I also strive to create an environment where it feels safe to say the quiet parts out loud, where you can fully express yourself without fear of judgment, and where you can begin to experience new patterns of interaction that enable you to increase satisfaction in your interpersonal relationships.
(612) 778-3005 View (612) 778-3005
Photo of Sharon Elizabeth Burris-Brown, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Sharon Elizabeth Burris-Brown
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, NBC-HWC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55403  (Online Only)
My intention is to provide a safe, supportive environment within the therapeutic relationship. My philosophy is strengths-based and holistic: I believe people have the capacity for resilience, creativity and resourcefulness. My role is to help my clients get to that place of knowing this for themselves so they can move forward in their lives and thrive. I am trained in mindfulness-based-stress reduction, and I am a Board-Certified Health and Wellness Coach who has worked with a wide range of people on stress release, weight, exercise and nutrition. I am also a Licensed Clinical Independent Social Worker.
My intention is to provide a safe, supportive environment within the therapeutic relationship. My philosophy is strengths-based and holistic: I believe people have the capacity for resilience, creativity and resourcefulness. My role is to help my clients get to that place of knowing this for themselves so they can move forward in their lives and thrive. I am trained in mindfulness-based-stress reduction, and I am a Board-Certified Health and Wellness Coach who has worked with a wide range of people on stress release, weight, exercise and nutrition. I am also a Licensed Clinical Independent Social Worker.
(612) 284-6798 View (612) 284-6798
Photo of Brandy T Fountain, Licensed Professional Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Brandy T Fountain
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55406  (Online Only)
Collaboration and teamwork are paramount to achieving positive change, and I foster such an environment in my sessions. As an African American female, I am passionate about raising awareness of how mental health affects our daily lives and committed to providing mental health services to underrepresented communities. Currently pursuing a Doctorate in Clinical Counseling, I am continuously expanding my knowledge and skills to serve my clients better.
Collaboration and teamwork are paramount to achieving positive change, and I foster such an environment in my sessions. As an African American female, I am passionate about raising awareness of how mental health affects our daily lives and committed to providing mental health services to underrepresented communities. Currently pursuing a Doctorate in Clinical Counseling, I am continuously expanding my knowledge and skills to serve my clients better.
(612) 662-7613 View (612) 662-7613
Photo of Emily Fields, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
Emily Fields
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55404  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I will work with you in a collaborative relationship to broaden your understanding of yourself and the things that are not working in your life. We will look at difficulties that you experience (such as anxiety, depression, relationship problems, job stress, and general life dissatisfaction) and understand these concerns in the context of current circumstances as well as their origins. Through in-depth therapy you will gain insight into these problems in order to make different choices. We will work to illuminate patterns of behavior and belief systems that interfere with your current life, and help you to tolerate difficult feelings.
I will work with you in a collaborative relationship to broaden your understanding of yourself and the things that are not working in your life. We will look at difficulties that you experience (such as anxiety, depression, relationship problems, job stress, and general life dissatisfaction) and understand these concerns in the context of current circumstances as well as their origins. Through in-depth therapy you will gain insight into these problems in order to make different choices. We will work to illuminate patterns of behavior and belief systems that interfere with your current life, and help you to tolerate difficult feelings.
(612) 562-6930 View (612) 562-6930
Photo of Joan Sacks Lentz, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
Joan Sacks Lentz
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55402
I work with people who have symptoms, such as depression and anxiety, and with people who feel as though they are not moving forward in life in the ways they had hoped. They may feel frustrated that they are not finding satisfying relationships or the gratifying career that they had always thought they would.
I work with people who have symptoms, such as depression and anxiety, and with people who feel as though they are not moving forward in life in the ways they had hoped. They may feel frustrated that they are not finding satisfying relationships or the gratifying career that they had always thought they would.
(612) 360-2494 View (612) 360-2494
Photo of Sheena Sikorski, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
Sheena Sikorski
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55401  (Online Only)
Do you consider yourself an anxious person? Do you have a loud inner critic that runs your life? Does it prevent you from trusting yourself to make decisions? If you're nodding your head yes to these questions, you may find that you cope by seeking validation from others, people-pleasing, and striving for perfection. You've likely noticed these coping strategies only provide a temporary fix to your suffering. They leave you feeling discouraged and worried your life will look like this forever. You're so fed up with living in this cycle of self-criticism that makes you feel ashamed of the person you are.
Do you consider yourself an anxious person? Do you have a loud inner critic that runs your life? Does it prevent you from trusting yourself to make decisions? If you're nodding your head yes to these questions, you may find that you cope by seeking validation from others, people-pleasing, and striving for perfection. You've likely noticed these coping strategies only provide a temporary fix to your suffering. They leave you feeling discouraged and worried your life will look like this forever. You're so fed up with living in this cycle of self-criticism that makes you feel ashamed of the person you are.
(651) 383-9016 View (651) 383-9016
Photo of Nichelle Dillon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Nichelle Dillon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55403  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I believe that each person comes to therapy with a unique perspective and set of strengths; and that it is through a combination of tapping into these innate strengths and learning new skills that you can begin to live your best life. As a therapist, I believe my role is to provide you with a supportive and nonjudgmental environment to process life's challenges, to support you in exploring and increasing insight into the impact of these challenges on your everyday life, and to facilitate the learning of new skills and perspectives to address these challenges and improve your life.
I believe that each person comes to therapy with a unique perspective and set of strengths; and that it is through a combination of tapping into these innate strengths and learning new skills that you can begin to live your best life. As a therapist, I believe my role is to provide you with a supportive and nonjudgmental environment to process life's challenges, to support you in exploring and increasing insight into the impact of these challenges on your everyday life, and to facilitate the learning of new skills and perspectives to address these challenges and improve your life.
(612) 887-3178 x716 View (612) 887-3178 x716
Photo of Emily (Emy) Horsey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Emily (Emy) Horsey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MS, LICSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55408  (Online Only)
Sometimes in life we can feel like we have no control over what is happening, the paths our relationships are taking, or what the future might have in store for us. We can get to a place where we are stuck in a continuous cycle of negative thinking, gloomy feelings, and ineffective behaviors. I provide therapy to individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, grief/loss, life transitions, relationship changes/separation, substance use issues, stress management, academic challenges, sports/performance concerns, chronic illness, sexuality/gender identity issues, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia spectrum, and life balance.
Sometimes in life we can feel like we have no control over what is happening, the paths our relationships are taking, or what the future might have in store for us. We can get to a place where we are stuck in a continuous cycle of negative thinking, gloomy feelings, and ineffective behaviors. I provide therapy to individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, grief/loss, life transitions, relationship changes/separation, substance use issues, stress management, academic challenges, sports/performance concerns, chronic illness, sexuality/gender identity issues, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia spectrum, and life balance.
(651) 564-3597 View (651) 564-3597
Photo of Emma Preston, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Emma Preston
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55416
As a Marriage and Family Intern, I do not have an "ideal" client at this time. I am excited about working with individuals, couples, and family structures within sessions and assessing a wide array of needs and creating goals alongside them. I have special interest in couples therapy and am extremely passionate about healthy romantic relationships.
As a Marriage and Family Intern, I do not have an "ideal" client at this time. I am excited about working with individuals, couples, and family structures within sessions and assessing a wide array of needs and creating goals alongside them. I have special interest in couples therapy and am extremely passionate about healthy romantic relationships.
(612) 682-8284 View (612) 682-8284

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

1,000+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Minneapolis, MN who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
64% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% UCare
68% HealthPartners of MN and WI

How Therapists in Minneapolis, MN see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
21% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Minneapolis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.