Trauma and PTSD Psychiatrists in Caldwell, NJ

Photo of Linda A Perry, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Caldwell, NJ
Linda A Perry
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Caldwell, NJ 07006
If you or your child no longer feel real joy, I’d like to help. The core of my practice is judicious medication management. I’ve been doing this for many years: first as a nurse-midwife, now as a psychiatric nurse practitioner. I am still dual-credentialed in both. I treat people of all types, but most frequently children and perinatal women. My patients, big and small, grapple with issues like anxiety, trauma, depression, OCD and eating disorders. Issues around fertility, pregnancy, parenting and menopause remain among my strengths, even though I rarely deliver babies anymore (and I miss it, sometimes!). My approach is holistic.
If you or your child no longer feel real joy, I’d like to help. The core of my practice is judicious medication management. I’ve been doing this for many years: first as a nurse-midwife, now as a psychiatric nurse practitioner. I am still dual-credentialed in both. I treat people of all types, but most frequently children and perinatal women. My patients, big and small, grapple with issues like anxiety, trauma, depression, OCD and eating disorders. Issues around fertility, pregnancy, parenting and menopause remain among my strengths, even though I rarely deliver babies anymore (and I miss it, sometimes!). My approach is holistic.
(201) 676-8572 View (201) 676-8572
Photo of Cherie Elfenbein, Psychiatrist in Caldwell, NJ
Cherie Elfenbein
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Caldwell, NJ 07006
I am board certified in adult psychiatry and I work with clients to attain mental wellness in all areas of one life. My practice is collaborative and integrates psychopharmacology with my interest/training in nutrition, mindfulness, yoga, exercise, and mindbody therapies. My areas of expertise are in treating anxiety, depression, insomnia, trauma. I search for the underlying physiologic causes that can contribute to your symptoms or challenges. Supplements, vitamins, and herbs may be recommended along with or instead of medicine. Genetic testing is offered to individualize treatment. Women’s health is another area of expertise.
I am board certified in adult psychiatry and I work with clients to attain mental wellness in all areas of one life. My practice is collaborative and integrates psychopharmacology with my interest/training in nutrition, mindfulness, yoga, exercise, and mindbody therapies. My areas of expertise are in treating anxiety, depression, insomnia, trauma. I search for the underlying physiologic causes that can contribute to your symptoms or challenges. Supplements, vitamins, and herbs may be recommended along with or instead of medicine. Genetic testing is offered to individualize treatment. Women’s health is another area of expertise.
(973) 333-4087 View (973) 333-4087
Photo of Valsamma Joy, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Caldwell, NJ
Valsamma Joy
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Caldwell, NJ 07006
I have years of experience working in a psychiatric emergency department and detox treatment center, treating patients with depression, anxiety, PTSD, and substance use disorder.
I have the most experience working with the adult population. My ideal client is not someone with a specific diagnosis or past experience. My ideal client is someone who is battling something within them and is seeking a helping hand to hold on. Treatment with the most appropriate medication can help a person overcome, and persevere. I hope to work with patients who really want to make a change in their lives. I like to treat my patients holistically with medications that safely help them . I hope that my patients seek my guidance because they want to challenge themselves. Together, we can make tomorrow a better day.
I have years of experience working in a psychiatric emergency department and detox treatment center, treating patients with depression, anxiety, PTSD, and substance use disorder.
I have the most experience working with the adult population. My ideal client is not someone with a specific diagnosis or past experience. My ideal client is someone who is battling something within them and is seeking a helping hand to hold on. Treatment with the most appropriate medication can help a person overcome, and persevere. I hope to work with patients who really want to make a change in their lives. I like to treat my patients holistically with medications that safely help them . I hope that my patients seek my guidance because they want to challenge themselves. Together, we can make tomorrow a better day.
(732) 440-3016 View (732) 440-3016
Photo of Mona Maaty, Psychiatrist in Caldwell, NJ
Mona Maaty
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Caldwell, NJ 07006
Depression, fear, and anxiety are common emotions that we experience at some point in our lives and sometimes these emotions can feel overpowering. Many individuals also experience lingering anxiety, fear, and hopelessness, associated with painful and traumatic events. My goal is to help you rediscover your innate strength and empower you to navigate life’s challenges and ultimately reclaim joy. My approach is collaborative and often includes a combination of psychotherapy and medication. I am an IFS (Internal Family System) level 1 trained therapist, certified schema therapist, and integrate a somatic approach.
Depression, fear, and anxiety are common emotions that we experience at some point in our lives and sometimes these emotions can feel overpowering. Many individuals also experience lingering anxiety, fear, and hopelessness, associated with painful and traumatic events. My goal is to help you rediscover your innate strength and empower you to navigate life’s challenges and ultimately reclaim joy. My approach is collaborative and often includes a combination of psychotherapy and medication. I am an IFS (Internal Family System) level 1 trained therapist, certified schema therapist, and integrate a somatic approach.
(862) 254-8911 View (862) 254-8911

More Psychiatrists Nearby

Photo of Tina Marie James, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Caldwell, NJ
Tina Marie James
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07102  (Online Only)
I have extensive experience diagnosing and managing a range of conditions including ADD, depression, anxiety, PTSD and OCD.
I treat adolescent and adult patients who are looking for comprehensive and attentive care. I believe that to help someone, we need to know who that person is and what their individual goals are. Let's get you back to feeling like your full self!
I have extensive experience diagnosing and managing a range of conditions including ADD, depression, anxiety, PTSD and OCD.
I treat adolescent and adult patients who are looking for comprehensive and attentive care. I believe that to help someone, we need to know who that person is and what their individual goals are. Let's get you back to feeling like your full self!
(201) 862-4749 View (201) 862-4749
Photo of Lisa Carol Diamond, Psychiatrist in Caldwell, NJ
Lisa Carol Diamond
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07102  (Online Only)
I have extensive experience diagnosing and managing a range of conditions including trauma, depression, anxiety, and OCD.
I treat children, adolescents, and adult patients who are looking for a psychiatrist that provides comprehensive and attentive care. I believe that to help someone, we need to know who that person is and what their individual goals are. Let's get you back to feeling like your full self!
I have extensive experience diagnosing and managing a range of conditions including trauma, depression, anxiety, and OCD.
I treat children, adolescents, and adult patients who are looking for a psychiatrist that provides comprehensive and attentive care. I believe that to help someone, we need to know who that person is and what their individual goals are. Let's get you back to feeling like your full self!
(201) 548-9968 View (201) 548-9968
Photo of Elizabeth (Beth) Teal, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Caldwell, NJ
Elizabeth (Beth) Teal
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APN, PMHNPBC
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07101  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Focusing on medication prescribing and management, I have experience utilizing non narcotic, non addicting medications to treat anxiety, trauma, PTSD, sleep disturbance/insomnia, and in the non stimulant treatment of ADHD/ADD. Due to DEA regulations I cannot prescribe or continue stimulant medications such as Adderall, vyanse, concerta, ritalin.
Focusing on medication prescribing and management, I have experience utilizing non narcotic, non addicting medications to treat anxiety, trauma, PTSD, sleep disturbance/insomnia, and in the non stimulant treatment of ADHD/ADD. Due to DEA regulations I cannot prescribe or continue stimulant medications such as Adderall, vyanse, concerta, ritalin.
(640) 500-2017 View (640) 500-2017
Photo of Vinod P. Suresh, Psychiatrist in Caldwell, NJ
Vinod P. Suresh
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Montclair, NJ 07042
I am a board-certified psychiatrist providing patient-centered care. I take pride in my ability to treat a variety of psychiatric conditions with evidence-based knowledge and novel methods. I have experience in working with healthcare professionals, students (college, graduate, law and medical), LGBT clients, and survivors of trauma. I am licensed in New Jersey, New York, and Massachusetts.
I am a board-certified psychiatrist providing patient-centered care. I take pride in my ability to treat a variety of psychiatric conditions with evidence-based knowledge and novel methods. I have experience in working with healthcare professionals, students (college, graduate, law and medical), LGBT clients, and survivors of trauma. I am licensed in New Jersey, New York, and Massachusetts.
(551) 272-7103 View (551) 272-7103
Photo of Dr. Stephen Jaeger, Psychiatrist in Caldwell, NJ
Dr. Stephen Jaeger
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Short Hills, NJ 07078
Jaeger specializes in anxiety and mood disorders, phobia, trauma and PTSD, ADHD, generalized anxiety disorders, panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, eating disorder, addiction psychiatry and more.
Yale University trained psychiatrist, Dr. Stephen Jaeger’s philosophy on psychiatric care is grounded in his belief that every client is entitled to the highest quality personalized care. His unique approach focuses on individualized treatment plans. His mission is to optimize every aspect of your life and the individualized treatment plans are designed to do just that. Clients play an active role in tailoring their personalized treatment plan with Dr. Jaeger.
Jaeger specializes in anxiety and mood disorders, phobia, trauma and PTSD, ADHD, generalized anxiety disorders, panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, eating disorder, addiction psychiatry and more.
Yale University trained psychiatrist, Dr. Stephen Jaeger’s philosophy on psychiatric care is grounded in his belief that every client is entitled to the highest quality personalized care. His unique approach focuses on individualized treatment plans. His mission is to optimize every aspect of your life and the individualized treatment plans are designed to do just that. Clients play an active role in tailoring their personalized treatment plan with Dr. Jaeger.
(732) 517-7971 View (732) 517-7971
Photo of Dr. Sofia Noori, Psychiatrist in Caldwell, NJ
Dr. Sofia Noori
Psychiatrist, MD, MPH
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Newark, NJ 07103  (Online Only)
I'm passionate about helping survivors recover from trauma, and absolutely love caring for patients. I take a relational, warm, and supportive approach to your treatment. Also, I am a board-certified, UCSF and Yale trained adult psychiatrist with expertise in the treatment of trauma. I’m the Co-founder of Nema Health, a telehealth practice that offers effective and research-backed care for trauma survivors. We currently offer Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT), a first-line treatment endorsed by the National Center for PTSD. 90% of our patients experience clinical improvement in their trauma symptoms.
I'm passionate about helping survivors recover from trauma, and absolutely love caring for patients. I take a relational, warm, and supportive approach to your treatment. Also, I am a board-certified, UCSF and Yale trained adult psychiatrist with expertise in the treatment of trauma. I’m the Co-founder of Nema Health, a telehealth practice that offers effective and research-backed care for trauma survivors. We currently offer Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT), a first-line treatment endorsed by the National Center for PTSD. 90% of our patients experience clinical improvement in their trauma symptoms.
(203) 208-8228 View (203) 208-8228
Photo of Akinlabi Sanusi, Psychiatrist in Caldwell, NJ
Akinlabi Sanusi
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
West Orange, NJ 07052
My special areas of experience include Depression, Anxiety, PTSD, and Bipolar disorder.
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist committed to providing comprehensive and compassionate care to patients. I completed a residency training in General and Adult Psychiatry at Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, New York, an affiliate program of the Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York. My treatment approach is based on the understanding that every individual is unique in their needs. After a careful assessment of your symptoms, I will work with you in creating the treatment plan that suits you best. I believe in the combination of medication management and psychotherapy for a quick return to functioning.
My special areas of experience include Depression, Anxiety, PTSD, and Bipolar disorder.
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist committed to providing comprehensive and compassionate care to patients. I completed a residency training in General and Adult Psychiatry at Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, New York, an affiliate program of the Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York. My treatment approach is based on the understanding that every individual is unique in their needs. After a careful assessment of your symptoms, I will work with you in creating the treatment plan that suits you best. I believe in the combination of medication management and psychotherapy for a quick return to functioning.
(732) 627-2660 View (732) 627-2660
Photo of Akinlabi Sanusi, Psychiatrist in Caldwell, NJ
Akinlabi Sanusi
Psychiatrist, MD, MPH
Verified Verified
West Orange, NJ 07052
My special areas of experience include Depression, Anxiety, PTSD, and Bipolar disorder.
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist committed to providing comprehensive and compassionate care to patients. I completed a residency training in General and Adult Psychiatry at Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, New York, an affiliate program of the Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York. My treatment approach is based on the understanding that every individual is unique in their experience and needs. After a careful assessment of your symptoms, I will work with you in creating the treatment plan that suits you best.
My special areas of experience include Depression, Anxiety, PTSD, and Bipolar disorder.
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist committed to providing comprehensive and compassionate care to patients. I completed a residency training in General and Adult Psychiatry at Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, New York, an affiliate program of the Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York. My treatment approach is based on the understanding that every individual is unique in their experience and needs. After a careful assessment of your symptoms, I will work with you in creating the treatment plan that suits you best.
(848) 206-3679 View (848) 206-3679
Photo of Pauline Ekeh, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Caldwell, NJ
Pauline Ekeh
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
East Rutherford, NJ 07073
I am a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner licensed and board certified in the state of New Jersey to provide psychiatric care for clients with mental illness. I have experience with a wide variety of individuals who suffer from depression, anxiety, substance abuse, trauma and grief/loss. I have experience with adolescents and adults from different cultures and backgrounds. I am pleased to support my clients through difficult mental health symptoms, and I bring knowledgeable and compassionate perspectives to client care.
I am a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner licensed and board certified in the state of New Jersey to provide psychiatric care for clients with mental illness. I have experience with a wide variety of individuals who suffer from depression, anxiety, substance abuse, trauma and grief/loss. I have experience with adolescents and adults from different cultures and backgrounds. I am pleased to support my clients through difficult mental health symptoms, and I bring knowledgeable and compassionate perspectives to client care.
(551) 282-9691 View (551) 282-9691
Photo of Greenhouse For Mental Health Development, Psychiatrist in Caldwell, NJ
Greenhouse For Mental Health Development
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Mountain Lakes, NJ 07046
Dr Ayodele Green is a Board-Certified psychiatrist who completed her undergraduate degree at Columbia University. She obtained her MD from Temple University School of Medicine in NJ. She completed her residency in Psychiatry at Harlem Hospital of Columbia University and completed a fellowship in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at UMDNJ(Rutgers) in Newark NJ. Her methods are patient centered and holistic. Dr. Green accepts patients that have insurance and will file Out of Network Claims on behalf of patients so that they can be reimbursed. She also offers a sliding scale fee and is accepting new patients.
Dr Ayodele Green is a Board-Certified psychiatrist who completed her undergraduate degree at Columbia University. She obtained her MD from Temple University School of Medicine in NJ. She completed her residency in Psychiatry at Harlem Hospital of Columbia University and completed a fellowship in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at UMDNJ(Rutgers) in Newark NJ. Her methods are patient centered and holistic. Dr. Green accepts patients that have insurance and will file Out of Network Claims on behalf of patients so that they can be reimbursed. She also offers a sliding scale fee and is accepting new patients.
(973) 722-0483 View (973) 722-0483
Photo of Angie Baez, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Caldwell, NJ
Angie Baez
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07102
I have extensive experience diagnosing and managing a range of conditions including ADD, depression, anxiety, PTSD and OCD.
I treat adolescent and adult patients who are looking for comprehensive and attentive care. I believe that to help someone, we need to know who that person is and what their individual goals are. Let's get you back to feeling like your full self!
I have extensive experience diagnosing and managing a range of conditions including ADD, depression, anxiety, PTSD and OCD.
I treat adolescent and adult patients who are looking for comprehensive and attentive care. I believe that to help someone, we need to know who that person is and what their individual goals are. Let's get you back to feeling like your full self!
(201) 514-5387 View (201) 514-5387
Photo of Paul Oniwe, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Caldwell, NJ
Paul Oniwe
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PMHNP, -BC
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042  (Online Only)
Hello, I look forward to meeting you! My name is Paul and I'm a Board Certified Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner In the state of New Jersey. I specialize in ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, OCD and PTSD. I work with an amazing group of colleagues at Lavender, an online psychiatry and therapy office, where we believe psychiatric care shouldn't be expensive nor impossible to access.
Hello, I look forward to meeting you! My name is Paul and I'm a Board Certified Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner In the state of New Jersey. I specialize in ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, OCD and PTSD. I work with an amazing group of colleagues at Lavender, an online psychiatry and therapy office, where we believe psychiatric care shouldn't be expensive nor impossible to access.
(201) 879-6586 View (201) 879-6586
Hightower Medical Services LLC
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, RN, BSN, PMHNP, - BC
Verified Verified
Maplewood, NJ 07040  (Online Only)
Here at Hightower Medical, we provide treatment to Anxiety disorders, Depression, Schizophrenia, Mood disorders, Bipolar disorder, Obsessive–compulsive disorder, Personality disorders, Adjustment & immigration stresses, Psychosis, Trauma/ PTSD, Anger management.
Hightower Medical Services is an organization that specializes in tailored mental health care. Since, untreated mental illness can cause severe emotional, behavioral and physical health problems, our aim is to assist client to achieve optimal health to function and enjoy a quality life. We approach this through comprehensive evaluation, diagnosis and diagnostic with interpretation, medication management, and a multi disciplinary intervention. Also, to enhance self-esteem with evidence based modalities through goals focused on self-perception, self-worth, and challenging negative self-beliefs. Our clientele is across the life span.
Here at Hightower Medical, we provide treatment to Anxiety disorders, Depression, Schizophrenia, Mood disorders, Bipolar disorder, Obsessive–compulsive disorder, Personality disorders, Adjustment & immigration stresses, Psychosis, Trauma/ PTSD, Anger management.
Hightower Medical Services is an organization that specializes in tailored mental health care. Since, untreated mental illness can cause severe emotional, behavioral and physical health problems, our aim is to assist client to achieve optimal health to function and enjoy a quality life. We approach this through comprehensive evaluation, diagnosis and diagnostic with interpretation, medication management, and a multi disciplinary intervention. Also, to enhance self-esteem with evidence based modalities through goals focused on self-perception, self-worth, and challenging negative self-beliefs. Our clientele is across the life span.
(908) 503-3988 View (908) 503-3988
Photo of BirchWood Health - Jacquelyn Zagone, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Caldwell, NJ
BirchWood Health - Jacquelyn Zagone
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Parsippany, NJ 07054  (Online Only)
As a mental health specialist, I address ADHD, Bipolar, Depression, Anxiety, Postpartum, PTSD, Women's issues, and work with clients aged 13+.
As a Board-Certified Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP-BC), I am dedicated to providing compassionate and comprehensive mental health care. With a deep understanding of the complexities of psychiatric conditions, I employ a patient-centered approach to treatment, ensuring that each individual’s unique needs and circumstances are at the forefront of their care plan. Find out more about me and my practice at www.BirchWood.Health
As a mental health specialist, I address ADHD, Bipolar, Depression, Anxiety, Postpartum, PTSD, Women's issues, and work with clients aged 13+.
As a Board-Certified Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP-BC), I am dedicated to providing compassionate and comprehensive mental health care. With a deep understanding of the complexities of psychiatric conditions, I employ a patient-centered approach to treatment, ensuring that each individual’s unique needs and circumstances are at the forefront of their care plan. Find out more about me and my practice at www.BirchWood.Health
(862) 356-6293 View (862) 356-6293
Photo of Anyi Hsueh, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Caldwell, NJ
Anyi Hsueh
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, CNM, DNP, PMHNP-B
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07102  (Online Only)
I have extensive experience diagnosing and managing a range of conditions including depression, anxiety, PTSD and OCD.
I treat adolescent and adult patients who are looking for comprehensive and attentive care. I believe that to help someone, we need to know who that person is and what their individual goals are. Let's get you back to feeling like your full self!
I have extensive experience diagnosing and managing a range of conditions including depression, anxiety, PTSD and OCD.
I treat adolescent and adult patients who are looking for comprehensive and attentive care. I believe that to help someone, we need to know who that person is and what their individual goals are. Let's get you back to feeling like your full self!
(201) 389-9524 View (201) 389-9524
Photo of Roseland Psychotherapy Associates, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Caldwell, NJ
Roseland Psychotherapy Associates
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, FNP-BC
Verified Verified
Roseland, NJ 07068
Zhanna Berman is a Board-Certified Nurse Practitioner in both Psychiatric Mental Health (PMHNP-BC) and Advance Family Health ( FNP-BC). She has extensive experience in multiple inpatient and outpatient facilities, and with many varieties of mental health issues affecting children, adolescents and adults. These issues include mood disorders, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, depression, ADHD, OCD and bipolar disorders, as well as postpartum, perimenopausal and menopausal issues in various manifestations.
Zhanna Berman is a Board-Certified Nurse Practitioner in both Psychiatric Mental Health (PMHNP-BC) and Advance Family Health ( FNP-BC). She has extensive experience in multiple inpatient and outpatient facilities, and with many varieties of mental health issues affecting children, adolescents and adults. These issues include mood disorders, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, depression, ADHD, OCD and bipolar disorders, as well as postpartum, perimenopausal and menopausal issues in various manifestations.
(973) 287-4117 View (973) 287-4117
Trauma and PTSD Psychiatrists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.