Photo of Jarred C Zucker, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Jarred C Zucker
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10038
Congratulations on your decision to seek help! You've just taken the first step toward bettering your life. Whether you are struggling with anxiety, depression, substance abuse, challenges in attention and focus, difficulties with your career, relationship, or self-esteem, I will work with you to find a treatment plan that is right for you. I offer a safe, supportive and private environment where you have the space to work through barriers that make it difficult to move forward. I focus on customizing treatment for each client, including psychotherapy alone or in combination with medication after careful consideration.
Congratulations on your decision to seek help! You've just taken the first step toward bettering your life. Whether you are struggling with anxiety, depression, substance abuse, challenges in attention and focus, difficulties with your career, relationship, or self-esteem, I will work with you to find a treatment plan that is right for you. I offer a safe, supportive and private environment where you have the space to work through barriers that make it difficult to move forward. I focus on customizing treatment for each client, including psychotherapy alone or in combination with medication after careful consideration.
(347) 632-8515 View (347) 632-8515
Photo of Valerie Mildeberger, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Valerie Mildeberger
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10022
I am a Board Certified Adult Psychiatrist. I trained in psychiatry at Westchester Medical Center and completed a Fellowship in Psychosomatic Medicine at Long Island Jewish Medical Center. I am on the faculty at The Albert Einstein College of Medicine where I am an Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. I have served as a hospital psychiatrist as well as an emergency room psychiatrist which provides me with a wide breadth of experience in the field of behavioral medicine.
I am a Board Certified Adult Psychiatrist. I trained in psychiatry at Westchester Medical Center and completed a Fellowship in Psychosomatic Medicine at Long Island Jewish Medical Center. I am on the faculty at The Albert Einstein College of Medicine where I am an Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. I have served as a hospital psychiatrist as well as an emergency room psychiatrist which provides me with a wide breadth of experience in the field of behavioral medicine.
(212) 808-8010 View (212) 808-8010
Photo of Doreen Zarfati, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Doreen Zarfati
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10036
I am double board certified psychiatrist specializing in numerous psychiatric disorders as well as addiction disorders. I completed training at St. Lukes Roosevelt Hospital, Columbia and a specialty in Addiction at Beth Israel Hospital. For many years I was the Associate Director of the Psychiatric Emergency Department at Kings County Hospital and later became the Director of Woodhull Hospital in Brooklyn, NY. I have lectured about the many forms of addiction at conferences and participated in Grand Rounds for hospitals, discussing addiction and eating disorders.I am on the medical faculty at SUNY Downstate Hospital providing guidance, teaching and mentoring for psychiatric residents.
I am double board certified psychiatrist specializing in numerous psychiatric disorders as well as addiction disorders. I completed training at St. Lukes Roosevelt Hospital, Columbia and a specialty in Addiction at Beth Israel Hospital. For many years I was the Associate Director of the Psychiatric Emergency Department at Kings County Hospital and later became the Director of Woodhull Hospital in Brooklyn, NY. I have lectured about the many forms of addiction at conferences and participated in Grand Rounds for hospitals, discussing addiction and eating disorders.I am on the medical faculty at SUNY Downstate Hospital providing guidance, teaching and mentoring for psychiatric residents.
(347) 848-1517 View (347) 848-1517
Photo of Moataz El Refaie, MD, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Moataz El Refaie, MD
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10170
Hello, I am Dr. Refaie, I am a double board certified, Child & Adolescent, Adult psychiatrist specializing in the evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders with an expertise in psychotherapy. I treat a wide spectrum of emotional and psychological concerns and problems from children to adults, providing compassionate, experienced and personalized psychiatric and psychotherapy services.
Hello, I am Dr. Refaie, I am a double board certified, Child & Adolescent, Adult psychiatrist specializing in the evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders with an expertise in psychotherapy. I treat a wide spectrum of emotional and psychological concerns and problems from children to adults, providing compassionate, experienced and personalized psychiatric and psychotherapy services.
(646) 576-7472 View (646) 576-7472
Photo of Catherine Colson, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in New York, NY
Catherine Colson
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011
Catherine’s treatment approach is trauma-based combined with medication management.
Catherine Colson is a board-certified mental health nurse practitioner. Catherine prioritizes listening, compassion, and cultivating a collaborative relationship with her patients. She is interested in anything and everything her patients want to tell her.
Catherine’s treatment approach is trauma-based combined with medication management.
Catherine Colson is a board-certified mental health nurse practitioner. Catherine prioritizes listening, compassion, and cultivating a collaborative relationship with her patients. She is interested in anything and everything her patients want to tell her.
(347) 707-7735 View (347) 707-7735
Photo of Online Psychiatrist in Hillsborough, Florida, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Online Psychiatrist in Hillsborough, Florida
Psychiatrist, MD, MBBS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10014  (Online Only)
She screens all patients for medical, endocrine and nutritional factors which may be an exacerbating symptoms, as well as environmental, occupational, family and past trauma/psychodynamic factors.
Dr. Gundu Reddy is a Board Certified Psychiatrist in New York City. Prior to starting residency at Mount Sinai School of medicine she pursued additional research in HIV psychiatry . As well as residency training, she has also pursued further training in psychodynamic psychotherapy at the NYU psychoanalytic institute. She states that whether prescribing medication, family, or relationship therapy, understanding psychodynamic conflict and causes of symptoms will cause help enhance quality of care. As well as psychodynamic training Dr Reddy also has a background in integrative psychiatry and treatment resistance.
She screens all patients for medical, endocrine and nutritional factors which may be an exacerbating symptoms, as well as environmental, occupational, family and past trauma/psychodynamic factors.
Dr. Gundu Reddy is a Board Certified Psychiatrist in New York City. Prior to starting residency at Mount Sinai School of medicine she pursued additional research in HIV psychiatry . As well as residency training, she has also pursued further training in psychodynamic psychotherapy at the NYU psychoanalytic institute. She states that whether prescribing medication, family, or relationship therapy, understanding psychodynamic conflict and causes of symptoms will cause help enhance quality of care. As well as psychodynamic training Dr Reddy also has a background in integrative psychiatry and treatment resistance.
(347) 934-6642 View (347) 934-6642
Photo of Nabil Rezk, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Nabil Rezk
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
Hello and welcome to my practice. I am Dr Rezk; Board Certified Psychiatrist. I graduated from Mount Sinai School of Medicine. I also did Psychodynamic psychotherapy fellowship at MSSM. My interest is towards my patients and my patients are my priority. I love my career and I love to take care of my patients. My 2 private Practice locations are at Bay Ridge BK and Astoria Queens which is very convenient and near transportation. We handle the work in a great team work manner and do great patients' care.
Hello and welcome to my practice. I am Dr Rezk; Board Certified Psychiatrist. I graduated from Mount Sinai School of Medicine. I also did Psychodynamic psychotherapy fellowship at MSSM. My interest is towards my patients and my patients are my priority. I love my career and I love to take care of my patients. My 2 private Practice locations are at Bay Ridge BK and Astoria Queens which is very convenient and near transportation. We handle the work in a great team work manner and do great patients' care.
(347) 609-7773 View (347) 609-7773
Photo of Gundu Anupama Reddy, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Gundu Anupama Reddy
Psychiatrist, MD, MBBS
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10017  (Online Only)
She screens all patients for medical, endocrine and nutritional factors which may be exacerbating symptoms, as well as environmental, occupational, family and past trauma/psychodynamic factors.
Dr. Gundu Reddy is a Board Certified Psychiatrist in New York City. Prior to starting residency at Mount Sinai School of medicine she pursued additional research in HIV psychiatry. As well as residency training, she has also pursued further training in psychodynamic psychotherapy at the NYU psychoanalytic institute. She states that whether prescribing medication, family, or relationship therapy, understanding psychodynamic conflict and causes of symptoms will cause help to enhance the quality of care. As well as psychodynamic training Dr Reddy also has a background in integrative psychiatry and treatment resistance.
She screens all patients for medical, endocrine and nutritional factors which may be exacerbating symptoms, as well as environmental, occupational, family and past trauma/psychodynamic factors.
Dr. Gundu Reddy is a Board Certified Psychiatrist in New York City. Prior to starting residency at Mount Sinai School of medicine she pursued additional research in HIV psychiatry. As well as residency training, she has also pursued further training in psychodynamic psychotherapy at the NYU psychoanalytic institute. She states that whether prescribing medication, family, or relationship therapy, understanding psychodynamic conflict and causes of symptoms will cause help to enhance the quality of care. As well as psychodynamic training Dr Reddy also has a background in integrative psychiatry and treatment resistance.
(646) 846-1196 View (646) 846-1196
Photo of Dr. Vijal Parikh, D.O., Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Dr. Vijal Parikh, D.O.
Psychiatrist, DO
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10003
As a licensed medical doctor and practicing psychiatrist, I specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of mental conditions. As an osteopathic, physician, my philosophy incorporates a complete integration of the mind and the body. My training, both in psychopharmacology (medication) and psychotherapy (talk therapy), helps me incorporate both treatment modalities in my practice. This approach also relates to work I do in public mental health where I work part time providing mental health care to the homeless, severely mentally ill and LGBT at risk youth.
As a licensed medical doctor and practicing psychiatrist, I specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of mental conditions. As an osteopathic, physician, my philosophy incorporates a complete integration of the mind and the body. My training, both in psychopharmacology (medication) and psychotherapy (talk therapy), helps me incorporate both treatment modalities in my practice. This approach also relates to work I do in public mental health where I work part time providing mental health care to the homeless, severely mentally ill and LGBT at risk youth.
(646) 681-6152 View (646) 681-6152
Photo of Phillip E. Romero, MD, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Phillip E. Romero, MD
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10022
You’ve achieved conventional success. Despite being financially stable with a family or successful career, you feel overwhelmed. Stress is constant. You feel out of control. So many things seem wrong (when they should be right). It’s so hard to communicate how you feel. Little disappointments trigger big stress. No matter how hard you try, it’s never enough. You feel like a hostage to your own life. Is this burnout?
You’ve achieved conventional success. Despite being financially stable with a family or successful career, you feel overwhelmed. Stress is constant. You feel out of control. So many things seem wrong (when they should be right). It’s so hard to communicate how you feel. Little disappointments trigger big stress. No matter how hard you try, it’s never enough. You feel like a hostage to your own life. Is this burnout?
(646) 600-8199 View (646) 600-8199
Photo of Sean X Luo, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Sean X Luo
Psychiatrist, MD, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10024
I am a Columbia-trained general and addiction psychiatrist and researcher. My practice focuses on delivering high-quality treatment to a small number of patients. I focus on complex substance use, co-morbid/dual diagnoses cases such as Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and depression, and behavioral addictions such as sex/gaming addiction. I conduct both talk therapy and use medications in my practice and work with both patients and their families. The goal is transformative change in behavior patterns to help patients achieve their highest level of functioning.
I am a Columbia-trained general and addiction psychiatrist and researcher. My practice focuses on delivering high-quality treatment to a small number of patients. I focus on complex substance use, co-morbid/dual diagnoses cases such as Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and depression, and behavioral addictions such as sex/gaming addiction. I conduct both talk therapy and use medications in my practice and work with both patients and their families. The goal is transformative change in behavior patterns to help patients achieve their highest level of functioning.
(516) 784-5861 View (516) 784-5861
Photo of Dr. Henrietta Bannerman, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in New York, NY
Dr. Henrietta Bannerman
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP, BSN
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10016  (Online Only)
I graduated from Rutgers University with a Doctor of Nursing Practice in Psychiatric/Mental Health Nurse Practitioner degree. I am an ANCC board-certified PMHNP-BC with ten years of experience in emergency and psychiatric nursing. My passion for healthcare drives me, and I strive to create a nurturing and trusting environment for you.
I graduated from Rutgers University with a Doctor of Nursing Practice in Psychiatric/Mental Health Nurse Practitioner degree. I am an ANCC board-certified PMHNP-BC with ten years of experience in emergency and psychiatric nursing. My passion for healthcare drives me, and I strive to create a nurturing and trusting environment for you.
(646) 941-7982 View (646) 941-7982
Photo of Meredith Naidorf, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Meredith Naidorf
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
I am committed to working collaboratively with my patients to address emotional distress and difficulties in daily living. This could manifest as depression, anxiety, problems with intimacy or self-esteem, trouble staying focused or feeling connected, feeling excessively angry or guilty, or trouble finding meaning in life, to name only a few. I listen deeply, to understand not only who my patients are right now and what has brought them in, but also what has happened to them in the past and how that has affected the present.
I am committed to working collaboratively with my patients to address emotional distress and difficulties in daily living. This could manifest as depression, anxiety, problems with intimacy or self-esteem, trouble staying focused or feeling connected, feeling excessively angry or guilty, or trouble finding meaning in life, to name only a few. I listen deeply, to understand not only who my patients are right now and what has brought them in, but also what has happened to them in the past and how that has affected the present.
(917) 794-3574 View (917) 794-3574
Joan Gerbasi
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10017
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist with over 25 years of experience. My practice includes psychopharmacology and psychotherapy. I have extensive experience treating mood disorders, anxiety disorders, PTSD and trauma, eating disorders, substance use disorders, personality disorders and maladaptive personality traits. I have a secondary specialty in women's mental health including symptoms associated with the reproductive cycle. I have an additional focus on work life balance, especially in the context of high achieving careers, major life transitions and acute stress. I am accepting patients in NY and CA (telehealth).
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist with over 25 years of experience. My practice includes psychopharmacology and psychotherapy. I have extensive experience treating mood disorders, anxiety disorders, PTSD and trauma, eating disorders, substance use disorders, personality disorders and maladaptive personality traits. I have a secondary specialty in women's mental health including symptoms associated with the reproductive cycle. I have an additional focus on work life balance, especially in the context of high achieving careers, major life transitions and acute stress. I am accepting patients in NY and CA (telehealth).
(347) 851-8340 View (347) 851-8340
Photo of Elie G Aoun, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Elie G Aoun
Psychiatrist, MD, MRO
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10004
Elie G. Aoun, MD, MRO, is a Columbia University, quadruple board certified psychiatrist licensed in New York and in California practicing in downtown NYC. Dr. Aoun trained in general psychiatry at Brown University, in addiction psychiatry at UCSF and in forensic psychiatry at the combined Columbia University and Cornell University program. He has additional expertise in neuro-psycho-endocrinology and psychotherapy. Dr. Aoun provides diagnostic evaluations including second opinions, treatment for psychiatric disorders using psychotherapy, medication management , and forensic evaluations for civil and criminal litigation.
Elie G. Aoun, MD, MRO, is a Columbia University, quadruple board certified psychiatrist licensed in New York and in California practicing in downtown NYC. Dr. Aoun trained in general psychiatry at Brown University, in addiction psychiatry at UCSF and in forensic psychiatry at the combined Columbia University and Cornell University program. He has additional expertise in neuro-psycho-endocrinology and psychotherapy. Dr. Aoun provides diagnostic evaluations including second opinions, treatment for psychiatric disorders using psychotherapy, medication management , and forensic evaluations for civil and criminal litigation.
(347) 658-5633 View (347) 658-5633
Photo of Aaron Savedoff, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Aaron Savedoff
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
New York, NY 10007
Psychiatry is as much a science as an art, and listening carefully to my patients is key. As a teaching psychiatrist at Mount Sinai Beth Israel and assistant clinical professor of psychiatry in the Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, I treat a wide range of problems including Anxiety, Depression, Sleep issues, Bipolar Disorder, Adult ADHD, Addiction, OCD, Trauma, Family issues, and Stress Management issues. Sometimes medication is not the answer. I do psychotherapy in addition to medication, but I also collaborate with a large network of outside therapists to help you find the best fit for your needs.
Psychiatry is as much a science as an art, and listening carefully to my patients is key. As a teaching psychiatrist at Mount Sinai Beth Israel and assistant clinical professor of psychiatry in the Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, I treat a wide range of problems including Anxiety, Depression, Sleep issues, Bipolar Disorder, Adult ADHD, Addiction, OCD, Trauma, Family issues, and Stress Management issues. Sometimes medication is not the answer. I do psychotherapy in addition to medication, but I also collaborate with a large network of outside therapists to help you find the best fit for your needs.
(646) 798-9351 View (646) 798-9351
Photo of Alexander S Grewal, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Alexander S Grewal
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I provide a trauma-based integrative approach to therapy.
I've worked at length with a wide variety of people. From counseling at an all-girl college to working in the prison system, I find strong connections with people from all walks of life. From a compatible connection can grow a good relationship; and this is what I base treatment upon. Adept at treating all standard psychiatric disorders as well as focusing in addressing the trauma related, substance, food, Relationship/Interpersonal, gender, sexual , and cultural problems that often accompany them.
I provide a trauma-based integrative approach to therapy.
I've worked at length with a wide variety of people. From counseling at an all-girl college to working in the prison system, I find strong connections with people from all walks of life. From a compatible connection can grow a good relationship; and this is what I base treatment upon. Adept at treating all standard psychiatric disorders as well as focusing in addressing the trauma related, substance, food, Relationship/Interpersonal, gender, sexual , and cultural problems that often accompany them.
(646) 506-4085 View (646) 506-4085
Thrive Mind Psychiatry PLLC
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10014
Waitlist for new clients
A) Parents: You go to great lengths to ensure your children navigate youth optimally, minimizing the negative emotional experiences inherent to this unique journey. Their evolving capacities for expression make it difficult to respond to developmental pressures that may overwhelm their capacities to grow at their pace, manifesting as emotional and behavioral difficulties. B) Adults: It is common for those with admirable histories of resiliency to find themselves feeling alone in a particular emotional circumstance. Thrive Mind Psychiatry joins your dilemma and leverages your unique strengths to enlighten next steps.
A) Parents: You go to great lengths to ensure your children navigate youth optimally, minimizing the negative emotional experiences inherent to this unique journey. Their evolving capacities for expression make it difficult to respond to developmental pressures that may overwhelm their capacities to grow at their pace, manifesting as emotional and behavioral difficulties. B) Adults: It is common for those with admirable histories of resiliency to find themselves feeling alone in a particular emotional circumstance. Thrive Mind Psychiatry joins your dilemma and leverages your unique strengths to enlighten next steps.
(718) 865-2592 View (718) 865-2592
Photo of Victoriya Slavich, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in New York, NY
Victoriya Slavich
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10128  (Online Only)
Victoriya has experience in working with individuals, couples and families of diverse ages and cultural backgrounds experiencing anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, compulsive behaviors, ADHD/ADD, relationship conflicts, sexual issues, life transitions, professional difficulties, post-traumatic stress, personality disorders, substance abuse and addiction.
Victoriya utilizes a culturally competent and holistic approach that is tailored to each client’s individual needs, understanding that everyone’s path to wellbeing is a unique journey. She combines her knowledge of psychopharmacology and psychotherapy to provide each client with a treatment plan that aligns with their goals and lifestyle. She strives to create a safe space for clients to feel empowered to be active participants in their mental health care. She utilizes rational emotive behavior therapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing alongside medication management to tailor each client’s treatment plan.
Victoriya has experience in working with individuals, couples and families of diverse ages and cultural backgrounds experiencing anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, compulsive behaviors, ADHD/ADD, relationship conflicts, sexual issues, life transitions, professional difficulties, post-traumatic stress, personality disorders, substance abuse and addiction.
Victoriya utilizes a culturally competent and holistic approach that is tailored to each client’s individual needs, understanding that everyone’s path to wellbeing is a unique journey. She combines her knowledge of psychopharmacology and psychotherapy to provide each client with a treatment plan that aligns with their goals and lifestyle. She strives to create a safe space for clients to feel empowered to be active participants in their mental health care. She utilizes rational emotive behavior therapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing alongside medication management to tailor each client’s treatment plan.
(646) 776-3647 View (646) 776-3647
Photo of Joshua Flores, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in New York, NY
Joshua Flores
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001
CityMind NP aims to make therapy more accessible, affordable, and convenient — so anyone who struggles with life’s challenges can get help, anytime and anywhere. As New Yorkers we are afforded with diverse cultural experiences which is an integral part of what defines New York City. We believe therapy is an instrument for gaining self-understanding and through this awareness one begins to better understand how they can become the best versions of themselves. It is here, with understanding and with knowledge of self, where we can thrive, whether its overcoming challenges created by our psyche or the bustling dynamics of NYC.
CityMind NP aims to make therapy more accessible, affordable, and convenient — so anyone who struggles with life’s challenges can get help, anytime and anywhere. As New Yorkers we are afforded with diverse cultural experiences which is an integral part of what defines New York City. We believe therapy is an instrument for gaining self-understanding and through this awareness one begins to better understand how they can become the best versions of themselves. It is here, with understanding and with knowledge of self, where we can thrive, whether its overcoming challenges created by our psyche or the bustling dynamics of NYC.
(718) 808-8652 View (718) 808-8652
Trauma and PTSD Psychiatrists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.