Photo of Olivia Louise Young, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in New York, NY
Olivia Louise Young
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PhD, FPMHNP-, BC, MAT-C
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10013  (Online Only)
We practice metabolism based tele-psychiatry. We also specialize in improved weight management and longevity lifestyle tactics. Our approach to psychiatric care utilizes nutrition, supplements, movement, pharmaceuticals, and psychotherapy to treat psychiatric disorders. Improved physical health and weight management are frequent outcomes of the approach. This approach is ideal for those who want to actively work on their physical as well as mental health b/c what's good for the brain is good for the body. We also offer emergency prescription drug refill services.
We practice metabolism based tele-psychiatry. We also specialize in improved weight management and longevity lifestyle tactics. Our approach to psychiatric care utilizes nutrition, supplements, movement, pharmaceuticals, and psychotherapy to treat psychiatric disorders. Improved physical health and weight management are frequent outcomes of the approach. This approach is ideal for those who want to actively work on their physical as well as mental health b/c what's good for the brain is good for the body. We also offer emergency prescription drug refill services.
(929) 205-7791 View (929) 205-7791
Photo of Nader Galal, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Nader Galal
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10019
Welcome, My name is Dr. Nader Galal. I'm a Board Certified Psychiatrist working in a Private Practice, in New York City. As a psychiatrist, my goal is to help you by diagnosing potential mental health conditions. I will discuss and offer my patients the best treatment options available. I am specialized in - but am not limited to - the treatment of ADD/ADHD, mood and personality disorders. If you require medication treatment options, I am able to provide medication management. If therapy is recommended or needed, my practice works with several therapists who can provide a wide range of services.
Welcome, My name is Dr. Nader Galal. I'm a Board Certified Psychiatrist working in a Private Practice, in New York City. As a psychiatrist, my goal is to help you by diagnosing potential mental health conditions. I will discuss and offer my patients the best treatment options available. I am specialized in - but am not limited to - the treatment of ADD/ADHD, mood and personality disorders. If you require medication treatment options, I am able to provide medication management. If therapy is recommended or needed, my practice works with several therapists who can provide a wide range of services.
(917) 512-7736 View (917) 512-7736
Photo of Dr. Vijal Parikh, D.O., Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Dr. Vijal Parikh, D.O.
Psychiatrist, DO
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10003
As a licensed medical doctor and practicing psychiatrist, I specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of mental conditions. As an osteopathic, physician, my philosophy incorporates a complete integration of the mind and the body. My training, both in psychopharmacology (medication) and psychotherapy (talk therapy), helps me incorporate both treatment modalities in my practice. This approach also relates to work I do in public mental health where I work part time providing mental health care to the homeless, severely mentally ill and LGBT at risk youth.
As a licensed medical doctor and practicing psychiatrist, I specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of mental conditions. As an osteopathic, physician, my philosophy incorporates a complete integration of the mind and the body. My training, both in psychopharmacology (medication) and psychotherapy (talk therapy), helps me incorporate both treatment modalities in my practice. This approach also relates to work I do in public mental health where I work part time providing mental health care to the homeless, severely mentally ill and LGBT at risk youth.
(646) 681-6152 View (646) 681-6152
Photo of Gundu Anupama Reddy, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Gundu Anupama Reddy
Psychiatrist, MD, MBBS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10080  (Online Only)
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist , with a special interest in integrative psychiatry and treatment resistance. I have also trained in psychodynamic psychotherapy , family and marital therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Finding a psychiatrist can be a challenge , and it is important that you are listened to , your thoughts and ideas addressed, and through history and evaluation is utilized to ensure quality care. Whatever your reasons for seeking a psychiatrist ,with dedication and perseverance most people have the potential to feel better and achieve symptom relief. Please view my website and blog at gaba.healthcare
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist , with a special interest in integrative psychiatry and treatment resistance. I have also trained in psychodynamic psychotherapy , family and marital therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Finding a psychiatrist can be a challenge , and it is important that you are listened to , your thoughts and ideas addressed, and through history and evaluation is utilized to ensure quality care. Whatever your reasons for seeking a psychiatrist ,with dedication and perseverance most people have the potential to feel better and achieve symptom relief. Please view my website and blog at gaba.healthcare
(347) 218-9115 View (347) 218-9115
Photo of Dolores Joseph, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in New York, NY
Dolores Joseph
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10004
Dolores Joseph is a Board-Certified Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner. Dolores earned her doctorate at New York University, specializing in psychopharmacology for mood and anxiety disorders, attentional issues, and enhancing wellness. Dolores has a treatment philosophy geared towards helping all of her clients maximize their potential in all spheres of life (personal, professional, and creative). She provides a customized approach individualized for each client. Dolores focuses on the individual as a whole to promote life satisfaction.
Dolores Joseph is a Board-Certified Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner. Dolores earned her doctorate at New York University, specializing in psychopharmacology for mood and anxiety disorders, attentional issues, and enhancing wellness. Dolores has a treatment philosophy geared towards helping all of her clients maximize their potential in all spheres of life (personal, professional, and creative). She provides a customized approach individualized for each client. Dolores focuses on the individual as a whole to promote life satisfaction.
(929) 284-7859 View (929) 284-7859
Photo of Elias Tsambis, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Elias Tsambis
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10023
Specializing in evaluation and medication management During these difficult time we are offering phone sessions to our current and new patients 15 min free consultation will be done by lcsw I am a board certified psychiatrist practing for over 35 Years I work with individuals couples and famlies providing therapy evaluations and medication management for the treatment of depression anxiety panic and bipolar disorder. Why suffer needlessly we can help we have a psychiatrist and lcsw
Specializing in evaluation and medication management During these difficult time we are offering phone sessions to our current and new patients 15 min free consultation will be done by lcsw I am a board certified psychiatrist practing for over 35 Years I work with individuals couples and famlies providing therapy evaluations and medication management for the treatment of depression anxiety panic and bipolar disorder. Why suffer needlessly we can help we have a psychiatrist and lcsw
(480) 332-4646 View (480) 332-4646
Photo of Alexander S Grewal, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Alexander S Grewal
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I develop a personalized treatment strategy that utilizes psychodynamic and CBT modalities supplemented by activity and nutritional planning, mindfulness, with the option of conservative med-management.
I've worked at length with a wide variety of people. From counseling at an all-girl college to working in the prison system, I find strong connections with people from all walks of life. From a compatible connection can grow a good relationship; and this is what I base treatment upon. Adept at treating all standard psychiatric disorders as well as focusing in addressing the trauma related, substance, food, Relationship/Interpersonal, gender, sexual , and cultural problems that often accompany them.
I develop a personalized treatment strategy that utilizes psychodynamic and CBT modalities supplemented by activity and nutritional planning, mindfulness, with the option of conservative med-management.
I've worked at length with a wide variety of people. From counseling at an all-girl college to working in the prison system, I find strong connections with people from all walks of life. From a compatible connection can grow a good relationship; and this is what I base treatment upon. Adept at treating all standard psychiatric disorders as well as focusing in addressing the trauma related, substance, food, Relationship/Interpersonal, gender, sexual , and cultural problems that often accompany them.
(646) 506-4085 View (646) 506-4085
Photo of Headway, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in New York, NY
Headway
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP, BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
Dr. Touzin is empathetic and compassionate. Her passion for helping people get equity care draws her to telepsychiatry to reach patients no matter where they are. Dr. Touzin loves helping others feel better to reach their full potential.
Dr. Touzin is empathetic and compassionate. Her passion for helping people get equity care draws her to telepsychiatry to reach patients no matter where they are. Dr. Touzin loves helping others feel better to reach their full potential.
(646) 713-0160 View (646) 713-0160
Photo of Aderonke Ayodele Oguntoye, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Aderonke Ayodele Oguntoye
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
I am an ivy league trained psychiatrist who is double board certified in adult and forensic psychiatry. I provide psychotherapy (talk therapy) and/or psychopharmacology (medication) to high functioning adults. Conditions treated in this practice include but are not limited to mood disorders, adjustment disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic illnesses, interpersonal/relationship difficulties as well as issues around trauma, grief and loss. This is not an exhaustive list of services. Please contact me directly to discuss your case and if this practice is right for you.
I am an ivy league trained psychiatrist who is double board certified in adult and forensic psychiatry. I provide psychotherapy (talk therapy) and/or psychopharmacology (medication) to high functioning adults. Conditions treated in this practice include but are not limited to mood disorders, adjustment disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic illnesses, interpersonal/relationship difficulties as well as issues around trauma, grief and loss. This is not an exhaustive list of services. Please contact me directly to discuss your case and if this practice is right for you.
(646) 461-3611 View (646) 461-3611
Thrive Mind Psychiatry PLLC
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10014
Waitlist for new clients
A) Parents: You go to great lengths to ensure your children navigate youth optimally, minimizing the negative emotional experiences inherent to this unique journey. Their evolving capacities for expression make it difficult to respond to developmental pressures that may overwhelm their capacities to grow at their pace, manifesting as emotional and behavioral difficulties. B) Adults: It is common for those with admirable histories of resiliency to find themselves feeling alone in a particular emotional circumstance. Thrive Mind Psychiatry joins your dilemma and leverages your unique strengths to enlighten next steps.
A) Parents: You go to great lengths to ensure your children navigate youth optimally, minimizing the negative emotional experiences inherent to this unique journey. Their evolving capacities for expression make it difficult to respond to developmental pressures that may overwhelm their capacities to grow at their pace, manifesting as emotional and behavioral difficulties. B) Adults: It is common for those with admirable histories of resiliency to find themselves feeling alone in a particular emotional circumstance. Thrive Mind Psychiatry joins your dilemma and leverages your unique strengths to enlighten next steps.
(718) 865-2592 View (718) 865-2592
Photo of Alexander Ivan Gumbs, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in New York, NY
Alexander Ivan Gumbs
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, FNP-BC, PMHNP, -BC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001
Alexander Gumbs, FNP/PMHNP-BC is a dual board-certified practitioner in psychiatry and family medicine. Mr. Gumbs uses an integrative holistic approach to treat the bodies and minds of his patients. He is proficient in treating those across the lifespan (children, adolescents, adults, and seniors). Community focus is his passion. He has experience treating disadvantaged populations, such as the homeless and those in the criminal justice system transitioning back to civilian life. Mr. Gumbs treats those with anxiety, bipolar disorder, PTSD, depression, autism, insomnia, dementia, and postpartum depression.
Alexander Gumbs, FNP/PMHNP-BC is a dual board-certified practitioner in psychiatry and family medicine. Mr. Gumbs uses an integrative holistic approach to treat the bodies and minds of his patients. He is proficient in treating those across the lifespan (children, adolescents, adults, and seniors). Community focus is his passion. He has experience treating disadvantaged populations, such as the homeless and those in the criminal justice system transitioning back to civilian life. Mr. Gumbs treats those with anxiety, bipolar disorder, PTSD, depression, autism, insomnia, dementia, and postpartum depression.
(516) 464-3006 View (516) 464-3006
Photo of Victoriya Slavich, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in New York, NY
Victoriya Slavich
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10128  (Online Only)
Victoriya utilizes a culturally competent and holistic approach that is tailored to each client’s individual needs, understanding that everyone’s path to wellbeing is a unique journey. She combines her knowledge of psychopharmacology and psychotherapy to provide each client with a treatment plan that aligns with their goals and lifestyle. She strives to create a safe space for clients to feel empowered to be active participants in their mental health care. She utilizes rational emotive behavior therapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing alongside medication management to tailor each client’s treatment plan.
Victoriya utilizes a culturally competent and holistic approach that is tailored to each client’s individual needs, understanding that everyone’s path to wellbeing is a unique journey. She combines her knowledge of psychopharmacology and psychotherapy to provide each client with a treatment plan that aligns with their goals and lifestyle. She strives to create a safe space for clients to feel empowered to be active participants in their mental health care. She utilizes rational emotive behavior therapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing alongside medication management to tailor each client’s treatment plan.
(646) 776-3647 View (646) 776-3647
Photo of Ankur Upadhyay, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Ankur Upadhyay
Psychiatrist, MD, MS
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10007  (Online Only)
Dr. Ankur Upadhyay is a licensed Psychiatrist. He provides psychiatric care supported by evidence based medical practices, highlighted by his experience with mindfulness based therapies and psychoanalysis. His journey started in India where he gained knowledge in spirituality and the practice of mindful living. He has since completed his Psychiatry residency training at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (Morningside-West Hospitals), and treated patients from diverse backgrounds. He has also completed training in the Intensive Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy program at William Alanson White Institute in NYC.
Dr. Ankur Upadhyay is a licensed Psychiatrist. He provides psychiatric care supported by evidence based medical practices, highlighted by his experience with mindfulness based therapies and psychoanalysis. His journey started in India where he gained knowledge in spirituality and the practice of mindful living. He has since completed his Psychiatry residency training at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (Morningside-West Hospitals), and treated patients from diverse backgrounds. He has also completed training in the Intensive Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy program at William Alanson White Institute in NYC.
(646) 956-4559 View (646) 956-4559
Photo of Doreen Zarfati, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Doreen Zarfati
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10036
I am double board certified psychiatrist specializing in numerous psychiatric disorders as well as addiction disorders. I completed training at St. Lukes Roosevelt Hospital, Columbia and a specialty in Addiction at Beth Israel Hospital. For many years I was the Associate Director of the Psychiatric Emergency Department at Kings County Hospital and later became the Director of Woodhull Hospital in Brooklyn, NY. I have lectured about the many forms of addiction at conferences and participated in Grand Rounds for hospitals, discussing addiction and eating disorders.I am on the medical faculty at SUNY Downstate Hospital providing guidance, teaching and mentoring for psychiatric residents.
I am double board certified psychiatrist specializing in numerous psychiatric disorders as well as addiction disorders. I completed training at St. Lukes Roosevelt Hospital, Columbia and a specialty in Addiction at Beth Israel Hospital. For many years I was the Associate Director of the Psychiatric Emergency Department at Kings County Hospital and later became the Director of Woodhull Hospital in Brooklyn, NY. I have lectured about the many forms of addiction at conferences and participated in Grand Rounds for hospitals, discussing addiction and eating disorders.I am on the medical faculty at SUNY Downstate Hospital providing guidance, teaching and mentoring for psychiatric residents.
(347) 848-1517 View (347) 848-1517
Photo of Michael A Ketteringham, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Michael A Ketteringham
Psychiatrist, MD, MPH
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10010
Mental health and its treatment are stigmatized, rendering the initiation of treatment intimidating for many. That is why I provide a professional and empathetic space for consultation and treatment; everyone should be comfortable seeking the care they feel they need. I also utilize telepsychiatry when appropriate to increase access to care. I am dual board certified in adult general psychiatry and addiction. I have also specialized in clinical training in sex therapy and I am affiliated with NYU's Program in Human Sexuality. I offer both treatment for patients and supervision for other mental health professionals.
Mental health and its treatment are stigmatized, rendering the initiation of treatment intimidating for many. That is why I provide a professional and empathetic space for consultation and treatment; everyone should be comfortable seeking the care they feel they need. I also utilize telepsychiatry when appropriate to increase access to care. I am dual board certified in adult general psychiatry and addiction. I have also specialized in clinical training in sex therapy and I am affiliated with NYU's Program in Human Sexuality. I offer both treatment for patients and supervision for other mental health professionals.
(917) 267-0681 View (917) 267-0681
Photo of Bridgette L Riley, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in New York, NY
Bridgette L Riley
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNPBC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10075
Life is a challenge and to be honest it is. These challenges you are dealing with can have an impact on your thought , mood and behavior. I want to help you navigate through those challenges and get you back in control .
Life is a challenge and to be honest it is. These challenges you are dealing with can have an impact on your thought , mood and behavior. I want to help you navigate through those challenges and get you back in control .
(914) 240-2570 View (914) 240-2570
Photo of Erica Johnson, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in New York, NY
Erica Johnson
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, BC-MSN, RN
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001
Erica Johnson is a board certified psychiatric nurse practitioner in the state of New York. She completed her Bachelors of Nursing from Temple University in Philadelphia, P.A. She received her Masters of Nursing in Psychiatry from Walden University. She has over 11 years in the field of Nursing.
Erica Johnson is a board certified psychiatric nurse practitioner in the state of New York. She completed her Bachelors of Nursing from Temple University in Philadelphia, P.A. She received her Masters of Nursing in Psychiatry from Walden University. She has over 11 years in the field of Nursing.
(718) 816-8558 View (718) 816-8558
Photo of Dr. Elizabeth L Leung, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Dr. Elizabeth L Leung
Psychiatrist, DO
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10002
Leung emphasizes on building relationships with her clients and works towards creating a personalized treatment plan with different modality of treatment such as medication management, CBT, psychodynamic, and other therapy modalitie.
Dr. Elizabeth L Leung is a board certified psychiatrist, who trained at New York Medical College and Icahn School of Medicine with fellowship training in psychosomatic medicine. Dr. Leung has expertise in treating depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, ADHD, OCD, relationship difficulties, adjustment issues, trauma, and grief. In an effort to stay current with all fields in psychiatry, she attends major academic conferences. Dr. Leung currently has affiliation with multiple prestige institutes and is associate clinical professor at Hoftra School of Medicine at Northwell Health.
Leung emphasizes on building relationships with her clients and works towards creating a personalized treatment plan with different modality of treatment such as medication management, CBT, psychodynamic, and other therapy modalitie.
Dr. Elizabeth L Leung is a board certified psychiatrist, who trained at New York Medical College and Icahn School of Medicine with fellowship training in psychosomatic medicine. Dr. Leung has expertise in treating depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, ADHD, OCD, relationship difficulties, adjustment issues, trauma, and grief. In an effort to stay current with all fields in psychiatry, she attends major academic conferences. Dr. Leung currently has affiliation with multiple prestige institutes and is associate clinical professor at Hoftra School of Medicine at Northwell Health.
(917) 909-8271 View (917) 909-8271
Photo of Elie G Aoun, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Elie G Aoun
Psychiatrist, MD, MRO
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10004
Aoun has received advanced training in psychotherapy (psychodynamic therapy - Kohutian self-psychology, cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, interpersonal psychotherapy and supportive psychotherapy), psychopharmacology and forensic evaluations.
Elie G. Aoun, MD, MRO, is a Columbia University, quadruple board certified psychiatrist licensed in New York and in California practicing in downtown NYC. Dr. Aoun trained in general psychiatry at Brown University, in addiction psychiatry at UCSF and in forensic psychiatry at the combined Columbia University and Cornell University program. He has additional expertise in neuro-psycho-endocrinology and psychotherapy. Dr. Aoun provides diagnostic evaluations including second opinions, treatment for psychiatric disorders using psychotherapy, medication management , and forensic evaluations for civil and criminal litigation.
Aoun has received advanced training in psychotherapy (psychodynamic therapy - Kohutian self-psychology, cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, interpersonal psychotherapy and supportive psychotherapy), psychopharmacology and forensic evaluations.
Elie G. Aoun, MD, MRO, is a Columbia University, quadruple board certified psychiatrist licensed in New York and in California practicing in downtown NYC. Dr. Aoun trained in general psychiatry at Brown University, in addiction psychiatry at UCSF and in forensic psychiatry at the combined Columbia University and Cornell University program. He has additional expertise in neuro-psycho-endocrinology and psychotherapy. Dr. Aoun provides diagnostic evaluations including second opinions, treatment for psychiatric disorders using psychotherapy, medication management , and forensic evaluations for civil and criminal litigation.
(347) 658-5633 View (347) 658-5633
Photo of Salim El Sabbagh, Psychiatrist in New York, NY
Salim El Sabbagh
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016  (Online Only)
I offer dynamic, cognitive behavioral, interpersonal and relational therapies as well as medication management if required.
I am a board-certified psychiatrist and graduate of the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) and New York University (NYU). After graduating as chief resident, I went on to pursue a fellowship and work in the public sector serving those most in need. My clients often include those that have been struggling with difficulties that impair their day to day function, leaving them unsatisfied, unhappy or struggling with inner turmoil or anxiety. My clients will often seek out and benefit from therapy, coaching, medication or a combination of the above. Please don’t hesitate to reach our for a free initial phone consultation.
I offer dynamic, cognitive behavioral, interpersonal and relational therapies as well as medication management if required.
I am a board-certified psychiatrist and graduate of the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) and New York University (NYU). After graduating as chief resident, I went on to pursue a fellowship and work in the public sector serving those most in need. My clients often include those that have been struggling with difficulties that impair their day to day function, leaving them unsatisfied, unhappy or struggling with inner turmoil or anxiety. My clients will often seek out and benefit from therapy, coaching, medication or a combination of the above. Please don’t hesitate to reach our for a free initial phone consultation.
(718) 550-3180 View (718) 550-3180
Cognitive Behavioral (CBT) Psychiatrists

How does cognitive behavioral therapy work?

Cognitive behavioral therapy works by exploring how your thoughts affect your emotions and experiences. CBT helps you identify distortions in your thinking. For example, you may tend to jump to the worst case scenario catastrophizing or think in extremes (all-or-nothing thinking). A therapist can teach you how to push back against those thoughts to ultimately change your feelings and behavior for the better. They can also provide coping skills to better deal with stressors and challenges.

When do I know to seek treatment with cognitive behavioral therapy?

It’s reasonable to consider cognitive behavioral therapy if you struggle to manage difficult emotions or behaviors to such an extent that you are not getting the most out of life on a day-to-day basis. If you want a shorter term, concrete, skills-based approach, CBT is a great option. (By contrast, other types of therapy may devote more time to exploring your past and its effects.) The decision to seek CBT also depends on the condition you’re treating; CBT is an effective treatment for anxiety, depression, trauma, and many other disorders.

How can I find a cognitive behavioral therapist for someone else?

To find a cognitive behavioral therapist for someone else, you may want to begin by discussing the person’s problem, researching cognitive behavioral therapy, and assessing whether the approach is the right fit. You could then reach out to a few cognitive behavioral therapists in this directory, explain the scenario, have a consultation with those available, and determine who could be a good match.

Why is CBT such a popular form of therapy?

CBT has become a popular form of therapy because it is effective and accessible. Robust research has demonstrated that CBT is an effective treatment for many mental health conditions. And CBT can be learned in relatively few sessions, which means that many people can engage in the process, afford it, and see results quickly. It involves learning concrete skills such as disputing unhelpful thoughts; these skills can also be taught and spread widely.