Photo of Kathleen Hawk, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in 01002, MA
Kathleen Hawk
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, NP
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
Kathleen “Kate” Hawk is a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner who holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Human Development & Family Studies from the University of Connecticut and a Master’s Degree in Psychiatric Nursing from Yale University. She has provided psychiatric services in Western Massachusetts since 2013 and feels privileged to reside in our diverse community. She has worked with individuals of all ages and backgrounds in both acute and community outpatient care for Behavioral Health Network Inc. and The Carson Center For Human Services.
Kathleen “Kate” Hawk is a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner who holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Human Development & Family Studies from the University of Connecticut and a Master’s Degree in Psychiatric Nursing from Yale University. She has provided psychiatric services in Western Massachusetts since 2013 and feels privileged to reside in our diverse community. She has worked with individuals of all ages and backgrounds in both acute and community outpatient care for Behavioral Health Network Inc. and The Carson Center For Human Services.
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Trauma and PTSD Psychiatrists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.