Photo of Rachel Reis, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in 19102, PA
Rachel Reis
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, CRNP
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102
Providers at Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates evaluate and treat Children, Adolescents and Adults for Anxiety disorders, Mood Disorders, Depression, Bipolar Disorder, And Attention Disorders (like ADHD).
Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates offers virtual and in-office appts. As a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner, my goal is to facilitate overall wellness and quality of life for those struggling with their mental health, through the application of evidence-based interventions including medication management and supportive psychotherapy. Fundamental to my practice is truly listening to what an individual is communicating, relieving them of their burden of struggling alone. I strive for a genuine partnership in treatment, encouraging individuals to take an active role in their care, facilitating resilience and growth.
Providers at Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates evaluate and treat Children, Adolescents and Adults for Anxiety disorders, Mood Disorders, Depression, Bipolar Disorder, And Attention Disorders (like ADHD).
Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates offers virtual and in-office appts. As a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner, my goal is to facilitate overall wellness and quality of life for those struggling with their mental health, through the application of evidence-based interventions including medication management and supportive psychotherapy. Fundamental to my practice is truly listening to what an individual is communicating, relieving them of their burden of struggling alone. I strive for a genuine partnership in treatment, encouraging individuals to take an active role in their care, facilitating resilience and growth.
(215) 515-7870 x5 View (215) 515-7870 x5
Photo of Thomas Scary, Psychiatrist in 19102, PA
Thomas Scary
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102
I offer psychiatric evaluations and medication management for anxiety, depression, bipolar/mood disorders, OCD, and ADHD.
I am currently scheduling patients for both in-person (PA/NJ) and telehealth (PA/NJ/MA) appointments. I welcome patients who are looking for medication management, therapy, a second opinion, or any combination of the above. My interests include diagnostic clarification of mood/anxiety/attention disorders, evaluation of young adults who may be seeking help for the first time, and treatment of substance use disorders that often present with other common diagnoses.
I offer psychiatric evaluations and medication management for anxiety, depression, bipolar/mood disorders, OCD, and ADHD.
I am currently scheduling patients for both in-person (PA/NJ) and telehealth (PA/NJ/MA) appointments. I welcome patients who are looking for medication management, therapy, a second opinion, or any combination of the above. My interests include diagnostic clarification of mood/anxiety/attention disorders, evaluation of young adults who may be seeking help for the first time, and treatment of substance use disorders that often present with other common diagnoses.
(267) 358-6155 View (267) 358-6155
Photo of Richard M D'Amato, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in 19102, PA
Richard M D'Amato
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, CRNP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102
Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates providers Telehealth Virtual Psychiatric evaluations, medication management and therapy and in-office appointments. In-office appointments are available in our Philadelphia and Mainline of Philadelphia location (Paoli, PA) and virtual appointments to patients in New Jersey, New York and Florida. Specifically, I treat adults with various psychiatric struggles, including anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and ADHD. A large subset of my patients are college and graduate students, in additional to young professionals.
Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates providers Telehealth Virtual Psychiatric evaluations, medication management and therapy and in-office appointments. In-office appointments are available in our Philadelphia and Mainline of Philadelphia location (Paoli, PA) and virtual appointments to patients in New Jersey, New York and Florida. Specifically, I treat adults with various psychiatric struggles, including anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and ADHD. A large subset of my patients are college and graduate students, in additional to young professionals.
(215) 703-9237 View (215) 703-9237
Photo of Loretta Sernekos, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in 19102, PA
Loretta Sernekos
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, CRNP, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
She treats Anxiety, Depression, Bipolar Affective Disorder and ADHD.
Dr. Loretta Sernekos, PhD, CRNP of Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates, provides holistic, empathic, and evidence-based care to her patients. Her prior experience as a nurse practitioner in outpatient primary care informs her thinking regarding psychiatric conditions and their relationship to the whole person’s physical and emotional health. Her appointment as a Senior Lecturer, teaching pharmacology and pathophysiology at the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing allows her to stay current with evidence-based diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric conditions, as well as other medical conditions.
She treats Anxiety, Depression, Bipolar Affective Disorder and ADHD.
Dr. Loretta Sernekos, PhD, CRNP of Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates, provides holistic, empathic, and evidence-based care to her patients. Her prior experience as a nurse practitioner in outpatient primary care informs her thinking regarding psychiatric conditions and their relationship to the whole person’s physical and emotional health. Her appointment as a Senior Lecturer, teaching pharmacology and pathophysiology at the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing allows her to stay current with evidence-based diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric conditions, as well as other medical conditions.
(215) 703-9672 View (215) 703-9672
Photo of Karen (Yang) Chen, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in 19102, PA
Karen (Yang) Chen
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, CRNP, PMHNP, MSN
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102
Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates is a network of over 20 psychiatric providers including Psychiatrists, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioners, and Psychotherapists. We offer in-office and Virtual Telehealth appointments in Philadelphia, The Main Line of Philadelphia and Virtually to NJ, NY and FL. I am a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner specializing in medication management for a variety of mental health conditions in adults ages 18+, including depression, anxiety, ADHD, PTSD, PMDD, bipolar disorder, and more.
Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates is a network of over 20 psychiatric providers including Psychiatrists, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioners, and Psychotherapists. We offer in-office and Virtual Telehealth appointments in Philadelphia, The Main Line of Philadelphia and Virtually to NJ, NY and FL. I am a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner specializing in medication management for a variety of mental health conditions in adults ages 18+, including depression, anxiety, ADHD, PTSD, PMDD, bipolar disorder, and more.
(215) 770-3879 View (215) 770-3879
Photo of Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates, Psychiatrist in 19102, PA
Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates
Psychiatrist
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102
Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates is a private practice of Psychiatry, comprised of Johns Hopkins, University of Pennsylvania and similarly trained Physicians, Nurse Practitioners and therapists who treat Children, Adolescents & Adults for Depression, Bipolar Affective Disorder, Anxiety Disorders (GAD, OCD and Panic) and psychotherapy. We offer in-office and virtual Telehealth Psychiatric appointments for patients in the Philadelphia and Main Line areas, and Telehealth for patients in New Jersey, New York and Florida. Evidence based medicine from academically oriented providers, many of whom teach or have taught at academic centers
Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates is a private practice of Psychiatry, comprised of Johns Hopkins, University of Pennsylvania and similarly trained Physicians, Nurse Practitioners and therapists who treat Children, Adolescents & Adults for Depression, Bipolar Affective Disorder, Anxiety Disorders (GAD, OCD and Panic) and psychotherapy. We offer in-office and virtual Telehealth Psychiatric appointments for patients in the Philadelphia and Main Line areas, and Telehealth for patients in New Jersey, New York and Florida. Evidence based medicine from academically oriented providers, many of whom teach or have taught at academic centers
(215) 447-7121 View (215) 447-7121
Photo of Tammy Lafferty, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in 19102, PA
Tammy Lafferty
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, CRNP
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102
Provider within Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates, a network of over 20 Psychiatrists, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioners and Psychotherapists offering in-office psychiatric evaluations, medication management and psychotherapy in Philadelphia and on The Main Line, and Virtual Telehealth Psychiatric Appointments to patients in New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania and Florida. Treatment for Anxiety, Depression, Bipolar Disorder and ADHD. Call to discuss which providers are licensed in your specific location.
Provider within Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates, a network of over 20 Psychiatrists, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioners and Psychotherapists offering in-office psychiatric evaluations, medication management and psychotherapy in Philadelphia and on The Main Line, and Virtual Telehealth Psychiatric Appointments to patients in New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania and Florida. Treatment for Anxiety, Depression, Bipolar Disorder and ADHD. Call to discuss which providers are licensed in your specific location.
(484) 218-4634 View (484) 218-4634
Photo of Chris Pagnani MD PC, Psychiatrist in 19102, PA
Chris Pagnani MD PC
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102
Founder and Medical Director of Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates - a network of over 20 psychiatric providers that are academically focused and utilize evidence based practice. In-office (Philadelphia, and The Main Line in Paoli, PA) and virtual Telehealth psychiatric appointments. We treat anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and ADHD. Child and adolescent psychiatric appointments. Fee for service practice, treating moderate levels of psychiatric illness for safety purposes (we do not have admitting privileges or a 24 hour emergency line). Board Certified and licensed in PA, NJ, NY, MD, DE, FL, CA. Visit www.RittenhousePA.com.
Founder and Medical Director of Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates - a network of over 20 psychiatric providers that are academically focused and utilize evidence based practice. In-office (Philadelphia, and The Main Line in Paoli, PA) and virtual Telehealth psychiatric appointments. We treat anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and ADHD. Child and adolescent psychiatric appointments. Fee for service practice, treating moderate levels of psychiatric illness for safety purposes (we do not have admitting privileges or a 24 hour emergency line). Board Certified and licensed in PA, NJ, NY, MD, DE, FL, CA. Visit www.RittenhousePA.com.
(267) 415-8618 View (267) 415-8618
Photo of Kimberly Joffe, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in 19102, PA
Kimberly Joffe
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, CRNP
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102
Kimberly Joffe, CRNP is a Board-Certified Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner and part of Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates, which treats children, adolescents and adults for in-office and Virtual Telehealth Psychiatry. Ms. Joffe is trained in all areas of psychiatry including Attention Deficit Disorders, Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders. Ms. Joffe is available for Psychiatric evaluations and medication management for adults 18 years of age and up. She is board certified to prescribe psychiatric medications. She is also a Clinical Instructor for The University of Pennsylvania’s School of Nursing.
Kimberly Joffe, CRNP is a Board-Certified Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner and part of Rittenhouse Psychiatric Associates, which treats children, adolescents and adults for in-office and Virtual Telehealth Psychiatry. Ms. Joffe is trained in all areas of psychiatry including Attention Deficit Disorders, Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders. Ms. Joffe is available for Psychiatric evaluations and medication management for adults 18 years of age and up. She is board certified to prescribe psychiatric medications. She is also a Clinical Instructor for The University of Pennsylvania’s School of Nursing.
(610) 854-9406 View (610) 854-9406
Photo of Rommel Rivera MD, PC, Psychiatrist in 19102, PA
Rommel Rivera MD, PC
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
Expertise in Psychopharmacology and Medication Management
Expertise in Psychopharmacology and Medication Management
(484) 430-3514 View (484) 430-3514
Photo of Ayanna Logan, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in 19102, PA
Ayanna Logan
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
Do you feel like your life is not where you want it to be? Are you experiencing mental difficulties and believe that this is preventing you from moving forward in your life? Well I'm here to lend you some assistance. Whatever you're going through, I want to help you work through it so you can be the best you possible.
Do you feel like your life is not where you want it to be? Are you experiencing mental difficulties and believe that this is preventing you from moving forward in your life? Well I'm here to lend you some assistance. Whatever you're going through, I want to help you work through it so you can be the best you possible.
(267) 704-8657 View (267) 704-8657
Photo of Paula Bu, Psychiatrist in 19102, PA
Paula Bu
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102
When depression, anxiety, or trauma overshadows your thoughts, it can be difficult to even imagine how life could be different. Whether you are struggling with work-life balance, relationships, or life transitions, I offer new ways of thinking and a personalized treatment plan that empowers you to live your most meaningful life. I also have significant experience treating college students, members of the LGBTQ+ community, and people of color.
When depression, anxiety, or trauma overshadows your thoughts, it can be difficult to even imagine how life could be different. Whether you are struggling with work-life balance, relationships, or life transitions, I offer new ways of thinking and a personalized treatment plan that empowers you to live your most meaningful life. I also have significant experience treating college students, members of the LGBTQ+ community, and people of color.
(484) 207-6264 View (484) 207-6264
Photo of Danielle Couture, Psychiatrist in 19102, PA
Danielle Couture
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102
If you are currently searching for a therapist or psychiatrist, it may be because you would like some help dealing with current unhappiness or dissatisfaction in your life. I collaboratively work with patients to identify issues, make goals, and create personalized treatment plans. My practice is focused on treatment for adults with anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adult ADHD), and mood disorders. I can also help you deal with life transitions, low motivation, grief, stress, establishing relationships, and work-life balance.
If you are currently searching for a therapist or psychiatrist, it may be because you would like some help dealing with current unhappiness or dissatisfaction in your life. I collaboratively work with patients to identify issues, make goals, and create personalized treatment plans. My practice is focused on treatment for adults with anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adult ADHD), and mood disorders. I can also help you deal with life transitions, low motivation, grief, stress, establishing relationships, and work-life balance.
(215) 372-8563 View (215) 372-8563
Photo of Cara Gouldey, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in 19102, PA
Cara Gouldey
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, CRNP, PMHNP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102
The best psychiatric care is tailored to an individual's unique needs, understood through the context of their environment, relationships, and lived experience. With this foundation, I work with patients to identify and achieve their mental health and wellness goals. I am a board-certified Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner with over ten years of direct patient care experience in a diversity of roles, including diagnosing and treating mental health disorders in group practice, community settings, and via telehealth. I provide psychiatric evaluations and medication management for adults, adolescents, and school-aged children.
The best psychiatric care is tailored to an individual's unique needs, understood through the context of their environment, relationships, and lived experience. With this foundation, I work with patients to identify and achieve their mental health and wellness goals. I am a board-certified Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner with over ten years of direct patient care experience in a diversity of roles, including diagnosing and treating mental health disorders in group practice, community settings, and via telehealth. I provide psychiatric evaluations and medication management for adults, adolescents, and school-aged children.
(484) 207-6269 x1 View (484) 207-6269 x1
Photo of Samantha Wyckoff, Psychiatrist in 19102, PA
Samantha Wyckoff
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102
I am a fellowship-trained Addiction Psychiatrist offering virtual appointments for patients in Pennsylvania and in-person appointments for patients in Philadelphia (call for NY availability). I have a special interest in working with individuals with co-morbid mental health and substance use disorders, and have extensive clinical experience treating a full range of psychiatric and substance use disorder diagnoses. I practice using a harm-reductionist approach and strive to work collaboratively with patients to help them achieve their goals, work through resistance, and develop motivation for behavioral change.
I am a fellowship-trained Addiction Psychiatrist offering virtual appointments for patients in Pennsylvania and in-person appointments for patients in Philadelphia (call for NY availability). I have a special interest in working with individuals with co-morbid mental health and substance use disorders, and have extensive clinical experience treating a full range of psychiatric and substance use disorder diagnoses. I practice using a harm-reductionist approach and strive to work collaboratively with patients to help them achieve their goals, work through resistance, and develop motivation for behavioral change.
(484) 603-3959 View (484) 603-3959
Photo of Eboni Freeman, Psychiatric Nurse in 19102, PA
Eboni Freeman
Psychiatric Nurse, DNPc, APN
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
“Mental Health is not a destination, it is a journey and a process” (Happiness360). My name is Dr. Eboni Freeman (DNP) and I specialize in psycho-pharmacologic management of mental health symptoms. Everyone is unique in their treatment needs and as a result, the approach to one's Psychiatric Treatment Plan should be an individualized one. I believe in a collaborative approach to practice and am looking forward to working with you in developing the best treatment plan with the goal of optimizing your overall quality of life.
“Mental Health is not a destination, it is a journey and a process” (Happiness360). My name is Dr. Eboni Freeman (DNP) and I specialize in psycho-pharmacologic management of mental health symptoms. Everyone is unique in their treatment needs and as a result, the approach to one's Psychiatric Treatment Plan should be an individualized one. I believe in a collaborative approach to practice and am looking forward to working with you in developing the best treatment plan with the goal of optimizing your overall quality of life.
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Photo of Aviva Zohar, Psychiatrist in 19102, PA
Aviva Zohar
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102
Here at Thalia Medical Center, we don’t tolerate self-shame. We don’t care what you look like, the car you drive, your background, or your history. Our treatment philosophy balances meeting you where you are and supporting you to get to where you want to be. TMC's services include medication management for depression, anxiety, ADHD, substance use disorder therapy and Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy. We are powered by a balanced approach — curating an individualized, evidence-based recovery program that supports our clients not just medically, but emotionally, physically, and socially as well.
Here at Thalia Medical Center, we don’t tolerate self-shame. We don’t care what you look like, the car you drive, your background, or your history. Our treatment philosophy balances meeting you where you are and supporting you to get to where you want to be. TMC's services include medication management for depression, anxiety, ADHD, substance use disorder therapy and Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy. We are powered by a balanced approach — curating an individualized, evidence-based recovery program that supports our clients not just medically, but emotionally, physically, and socially as well.
(610) 365-1743 View (610) 365-1743
Photo of Christina L Persaud, Psychiatrist in 19102, PA
Christina L Persaud
Psychiatrist, MD, MPH
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
My goal is to help you improve your quality of life through the right combination of medications and therapy. My therapy style combines elements of psychodynamic therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), mindfulness, and supportive therapy…along with the appropriate doses of sensitivity, empathy and humor.
My goal is to help you improve your quality of life through the right combination of medications and therapy. My therapy style combines elements of psychodynamic therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), mindfulness, and supportive therapy…along with the appropriate doses of sensitivity, empathy and humor.
(646) 956-5955 View (646) 956-5955
Photo of PBS Psychiatry , Psychiatrist in 19102, PA
PBS Psychiatry
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
As board certified mental health providers at Philadelphia Better Stories Psychiatry, we want to help you destress and improve your quality life with our years of experience and expertise in treating patients with a broad range of mental health disorders. Your care involves us working together, you provide your life experiences and perspective, we use our skills and experience in psychotherapy and psychopharmacology. Together we will create a treatment plan that we agree will help you reduce your symptoms and yield a greater quality of life.
As board certified mental health providers at Philadelphia Better Stories Psychiatry, we want to help you destress and improve your quality life with our years of experience and expertise in treating patients with a broad range of mental health disorders. Your care involves us working together, you provide your life experiences and perspective, we use our skills and experience in psychotherapy and psychopharmacology. Together we will create a treatment plan that we agree will help you reduce your symptoms and yield a greater quality of life.
(267) 715-1545 View (267) 715-1545
Photo of Katelyn Shaffer, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in 19102, PA
Katelyn Shaffer
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
Dr. Katelyn Shaffer DNP, PMHNP-BC, CARN-AP is a Board Certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner providing care to patients in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and New York. Dr. Shaffer has taken on many roles as a psychiatric NP. She has worked with patients across the lifespan in settings including, outpatient psychiatry, acute inpatient care, research, and education. Working with adult patients in outpatient psychiatry has always been Dr. Shaffer’s primary interest and specialty. She is well-versed in treating an array of diagnoses including mood disorders, anxiety disorders, ADHD, and trauma-related disorders.
Dr. Katelyn Shaffer DNP, PMHNP-BC, CARN-AP is a Board Certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner providing care to patients in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and New York. Dr. Shaffer has taken on many roles as a psychiatric NP. She has worked with patients across the lifespan in settings including, outpatient psychiatry, acute inpatient care, research, and education. Working with adult patients in outpatient psychiatry has always been Dr. Shaffer’s primary interest and specialty. She is well-versed in treating an array of diagnoses including mood disorders, anxiety disorders, ADHD, and trauma-related disorders.
(267) 651-1112 View (267) 651-1112
Bipolar Disorder Psychiatrists

What is the most successful approach to treating bipolar disorder?

Living with bipolar disorder can be challenging, and a number of therapies have been found effective in providing support to patients as they gain the skills to understand and manage the disorder. Family-focused therapy is often helpful for children and teens (the majority of cases develop before age 19); it aims to minimize mood cycling by improving family communication and reducing conflict. It also helps young people navigate the developmental challenges the disorder can create. Cognitive and behavioral therapy (CBT) and variants such as Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)help patients manage the thoughts and feelings that influence bipolar mood swings as well as develop specific behavioral strategies to counteract them.

What happens in therapy for bipolar disorder?

Because the patterns of mood switching and its triggers differ for each person and can change over time, mood tracking or monitoring becomes a basic way patients learn about the nature of their condition. One of the most common features of therapy is finding a workable method of mood monitoring, in which patients track their daily activities and rate their moods, then use the findings to adjust routines accordingly. Patients learn ways of handling the many stresses that arise in life so that they do not trigger mood swings.

What kinds of problems does therapy help with?

Like many other mental health disorders, BPD is heavily influenced by stress; therapy provides skills for coping with stressors of all kinds. Therapy is extremely important for helping individuals identify the situations that may trigger mood switching, so that mood swings can be prevented. Therapy may especially target recognition of the early stages of mood change so that they can be managed. In addition, therapy helps patients deal with the significant amount of turbulence the disorder can create in relationships and in work life.

What is the goal of therapy for bipolar disorder?

Therapy helps patients set up their lives to maintain stability so that their mood isn’t constantly threatened by daily events. Perhaps the first task of therapy is to educate people about the nature of the disorder. At the same time, a primary goal of therapy is to enhance adherence to drug treatment. Extended periods of mood stability can prompt patients to discontinue medication, triggering relapse, while the early phases of manic episodes can feel so energizing that patients stop medication, ushering in full-blown mania and the altered self-perception that can lead to destructive behaviors. Another major goal of therapy is to understand one’s mood patterns so as to minimize both the frequency and intensity of mood cycling.